. Gettysburg, the pivotal battle of the Civil War . ndly Virginian hills beyondthe Potomac River, and he neglected not to makegood use of it for that purpose. [59] CHAPTER VIII JULY FIRST, 1863 T II THEN da^Mied the morning of July first,* ^ General Buford occupied this unique posi-tion: With one small division of cavalry number-ing about three thousand men, he was guarding thecrossings of Willoughby Run on two highwaysleading into, and from a mile and a half to a mileand three-fourths northwest of, Gettysburg; Leeswhole army was from four to twenty-three milesaway, every division and brigade
. Gettysburg, the pivotal battle of the Civil War . ndly Virginian hills beyondthe Potomac River, and he neglected not to makegood use of it for that purpose. [59] CHAPTER VIII JULY FIRST, 1863 T II THEN da^Mied the morning of July first,* ^ General Buford occupied this unique posi-tion: With one small division of cavalry number-ing about three thousand men, he was guarding thecrossings of Willoughby Run on two highwaysleading into, and from a mile and a half to a mileand three-fourths northwest of, Gettysburg; Leeswhole army was from four to twenty-three milesaway, every division and brigade of which wasmarching steadily and rapidly toward him; onlytwo corps of the Union army were in position tosupport him, one of them numbering 8,500 men(Stannards brigade of the third division not beingwith the First Corps in the first days battle) beingsix miles away, and the other (the Eleventh Corps)9,500 strong, at Emmetsburg, thirteen miles dis-tant; while the balance of the Army of the Potomacand the commanding General thereof were far out [60]. COL. WILLIAM GAMBLECom. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps THE NEY/YORK ASTOPv, LENOX ANDTILDEN FOUNDATIONS GETTYSBURG of reach for that day, and in bhssful ignorance ofhis situation. But Buford quailed not; and Heth,with the leading division of Lees army, found himat his post. The Eighth Illinois Cavalry of Gam-bles brigade, out on the Chambersburg Pike abouta mile west of Willoughby Run, opened the battlewith Archers brigade of Heths infantry, abouteight oclock in the morning. The First Corps ofthe Union army was early astir, and as we weremarching along the Emmetsburg Road in the direc-tion of Gettysburg, our ears were saluted with thefirst cannon-shot of the opening battle. The shotssounded far away, and we had no idea that we werecoming almost immediately into the presence of theenemy. We were within a mile of Gettysburg andcould see the fair city to the northeastward, reposingin peace that summer morning ere the battle be
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