Contributions in geographical exploration . many times more than sufficient for this. Thevolcanoes are so heavily covered with glaciers that it is notimprobable that there may be a cubic mile of ice on their drain-age area. The trouble is that the volcanoes are still ice-cladat the present time. There is no indication of their havingcarried within recent geological time larger glaciers thanthose that still cover their flanks. They bear as many and aslarge glaciers as their inactive neighbors east and west. Oneof the remarkable features of the eruption was its small effecton the glaciers of the
Contributions in geographical exploration . many times more than sufficient for this. Thevolcanoes are so heavily covered with glaciers that it is notimprobable that there may be a cubic mile of ice on their drain-age area. The trouble is that the volcanoes are still ice-cladat the present time. There is no indication of their havingcarried within recent geological time larger glaciers thanthose that still cover their flanks. They bear as many and aslarge glaciers as their inactive neighbors east and west. Oneof the remarkable features of the eruption was its small effecton the glaciers of the Volcanoes. There are two miles of icecliff in the rim of Katmai crater, remnants of glaciers whichw^re beheaded, but not melted, by the eruption. The remainsof these glaciers cover every hollow in the mountain. The mostextensive of them all stretches down into the Valley of TenThousand Smokes, where it meets the mud flow. Mageik,Hkewise, has a notable snowcap which extends up to and around 138 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 2,. Dec, 1918] The Great Hot Mud Flow 139 the crater. Its glaciers are still, as Spurr described them, themost extensive in the district. Two of them come down intothe Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes where their tips wereapparently melted by the mud flow as it ran across them,but they show no sign of having otherwise contriV)uted to it. If the eruption had caused any wholesale melting of glaciers,not only should the bare hollows they formerly occupied beevident, but the water thus released should have causedtremendous floods on both sides of the range, for it is hardlyconceivable that all of the ice melted could have been in asingle locality, and that the whole of the water so formed couldhave been taken up by the mud. But the only floods, of whichthere is any evidence, occurred long after the eruption andwere due to other causes. HOT MUD FLOW MUST HAVE COME FROM INTERIOR OFTHE EARTH. Although it has been made clear that the mud could not wellhave
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