Man and abnormal man, including a study of children, in connection with bills to establish laboratories under federal and state governments for the study of the criminal, pauper, and defective classes, with bibliographies . ndulums at the left. Thelonger of these is of such a length as to makeone complete swing (i. e., to traverse its arcand return to the same point) in sec-onds; the shorter makes a complete swingin seconds, thus gaining seconds ateach of its swings, and fixing the unit ofmeasurement of the instrument at one-fiftieth of a second. With these rates, ifboth pendulu


Man and abnormal man, including a study of children, in connection with bills to establish laboratories under federal and state governments for the study of the criminal, pauper, and defective classes, with bibliographies . ndulums at the left. Thelonger of these is of such a length as to makeone complete swing (i. e., to traverse its arcand return to the same point) in sec-onds; the shorter makes a complete swingin seconds, thus gaining seconds ateach of its swings, and fixing the unit ofmeasurement of the instrument at one-fiftieth of a second. With these rates, ifboth pendulums start together, the shorterwill gain a whole swing of the longer, andthey will be together again after ibrty of itsswings; — = 40. If the shorter startslater than the longer, it will gain, as beifore,at the rate of one-fiftieth of a second perswing; and in order to know in fiftieths ofa second the interval by which it startedlater, it will only be necessary to count its swings until it catches up; and in gen-eral to measure any short interval it will only be necessary to start the longer Professor Sanford has given a detailed account of his instrument in the AmericanJournal of Psychology, vol. 9, No. Fig. 4.—Hipp-Chronoscope. J MAN AND ABNORMAL MAN. I6f pendulum at the beginning and the shorter at the end, and to count the swings ofthe shorter up to and including a coincidence. The number counted is the intervalexpressed in the units of gain—that is, in fiftieths of a second. The base of the instrument is of cast iron. On one corner of it rises a column 7^inches high, which, with the little platform supporting the keys, is cast in one piect-with the base. From the top of the col-umn an arm extends forward over thebase 3:^ inches. The pendulums are re-leased from the keys at the right in thecut. While the instrument isprimarily in-tended for demonstration purposes, yetit can be used for research where a unitof one-fiftieth of a second is sufficientlysmall. T


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