Cooley's cyclopaedia of practical receipts and collateral information in the arts, manufactures, professions, and trades including medicine, pharmacy, hygiene, and domestic economy : designed as a comprehensive supplement to the Pharmacopoeia and general book of reference for the manufacturer, tradesman, amateur, and heads of families . decanted. A veryspacious glass or earthenware retort must beemployed in the process, as the mass swells upviolently; and it must be connected with thereceiver, on the small scale, by means of aLiebigs condenser, and, on the large scale,by an ordinary worm-pipe
Cooley's cyclopaedia of practical receipts and collateral information in the arts, manufactures, professions, and trades including medicine, pharmacy, hygiene, and domestic economy : designed as a comprehensive supplement to the Pharmacopoeia and general book of reference for the manufacturer, tradesman, amateur, and heads of families . decanted. A veryspacious glass or earthenware retort must beemployed in the process, as the mass swells upviolently; and it must be connected with thereceiver, on the small scale, by means of aLiebigs condenser, and, on the large scale,by an ordinary worm-pipe and tub, keptin good action by a sufficient flow of coldwater. The apparatus for carrying out Bechampsmethod was devised by Nicholson, and is ex-hibited in the subjoined plate. It consists essentially of a cast-iron cylin-der (a) of 10 hectolitres (220 gallons (cubiccapacity. A stout iron tube is fitted to this 15-: ANILINE vessel, reaching nearly to the bottom of the cy-linder. The upper part of this tube is connectedwith the machinery (g), while the surface ofthe tube is fitted with steel projections. Thetube serves to admit steam, as well as actingas a stirring apparatus. Sometimes, instead ofthis tube, a solid iron axle is employed, and inthis case there is a separate steampipe (d).Through the opening at K the materials for. making aniline are put into the apparatus,while the volatile products are carried offthrough E. H serves for emptying and clean-ing the apparatus. The S-shaped tube con-nected with the vessel b acts as a safety it is intended to work with this appa-ratus there is poured into it through k 10parts of acetic acid at 8° B. (sp. gr. 1060),previously diluted with six times its weight ofwater; next there are added 30 parts of ironfilings, or cast-iron borings, and 125 parts ofnitrohenzol, and immediately after the stiiringapparatus is set in motion. The reactionensues directly, and is attended by a consider-able evolution of heat and vapours. Gradu
Size: 1588px × 1574px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, books, booksubjectrecipes, booksubjecttechnology
