. Comparative anatomy and physiology. 132 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. become of considerable length when the Lepidopteron feeds on the honey of plants, such as orchids, in which the nectaries are at a considerable distance from the outer edges of the flowers; in, for example, Amphonyx, one of the Sphingidse, the proboscis is nine and a quarter inches long, or about three times the length of the animal's body. In some Lepidoptera the proboscis is enlarged to pierce vegetable tissues, and, as in the orange-sucking Ophideres, it has externally the form and function of a bayonet- shaped sa
. Comparative anatomy and physiology. 132 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. become of considerable length when the Lepidopteron feeds on the honey of plants, such as orchids, in which the nectaries are at a considerable distance from the outer edges of the flowers; in, for example, Amphonyx, one of the Sphingidse, the proboscis is nine and a quarter inches long, or about three times the length of the animal's body. In some Lepidoptera the proboscis is enlarged to pierce vegetable tissues, and, as in the orange-sucking Ophideres, it has externally the form and function of a bayonet- shaped saw (F. Darwin). In the blood- or juice-sucking Hemiptera (bugs, aphides) not only the mandibles but also •/ the first pair of maxillae are re- duced to fine setiform processes, \vhich, being moved by muscles, are enabled to serve as stabbing organs ; they are ensheathed in the elongated labium (rostrum) the sides of which curve up- wards in such a way as to u produce a sucking-tube (Fig. 61). In the Diptera (or flies and fleas), what were bristles in rt the bug now form sharp, cut- Fig. 61.—Mouth Orgau of ,. , ... 1^1 ting, lancet-like organs, and the second pair of maxillae. Nepa. again md, Mandible ; mx, flrst pair of niaxillffi; mx', second . 1 . pair (labium); li, .ligula. form the Suctorial tUDC | 111 SOine (After Savigny.) . cases (Pangoma) the proboscis is more than twice as long as the body. Allied to various orders of insects are forms which, in correlation with their modes of life, have their gnathites still more considerably altered from the Or- thopterous type ; thus, among the white ants (Termi- tidse) the mandibles are functional in the so-called. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bell, F. J. (Francis Jeffrey), 1855-1924. London, Cassell
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