. Electric railway journal . h are set or which become out of gage beyond tol-erance limits will strike frog and mate points severely,will cause excessive wear of guard rails and will often ^ \°/y FIG. 3—ONE SECTION OF KEY OR INDEX MAP OF SPECIAL WORK LAYOUTS ON A LARGE CITY SYSTEM July 20, 1918 Electric Railway Journal 105 lead to costly derailments. If it is necessary to providefor more than one type of wheel contour, additionalmaintenance can be expected because it is almost im-possible to design special work to suit different contoursand at the same time satisfy the principles of correctde
. Electric railway journal . h are set or which become out of gage beyond tol-erance limits will strike frog and mate points severely,will cause excessive wear of guard rails and will often ^ \°/y FIG. 3—ONE SECTION OF KEY OR INDEX MAP OF SPECIAL WORK LAYOUTS ON A LARGE CITY SYSTEM July 20, 1918 Electric Railway Journal 105 lead to costly derailments. If it is necessary to providefor more than one type of wheel contour, additionalmaintenance can be expected because it is almost im-possible to design special work to suit different contoursand at the same time satisfy the principles of correctdesign. The last item refers to type, weight and schedule ofcars, which influence design. For example, if it isnecessary to operate both single and double-truck carsaround the same sharp curves, the guard rail groovesmust be ground excessively to suit the single-truckwheelbase, and more than is necessary for double-truckwheelbases. Hence the guard rails have less wearablemetal in them and they will require more frequent re-. FIG. 4—CARD RECORD FOR COMPILING COSTS, ETC. REPORT OF SPECIAL WORK DEFECTS Q]le Detc. Location Installed-, _— Hepalred Mak6 Switch a*—Tongue* 1 — Frogi Carting! Paving: Kind Condltlor Foundation ■ ■ Remark! _ — ■—— — FIG. 6—FORM USED IN REPORTING SPECIALWORK DEFECTS newal. The weight of the car, its equipment and theload carried, determine the load upon each wheel and itfollows that, with a given car schedule and type of cartruck, a heavy car will do more damage than a lightone. On the other hand, it is believed that a very fre-quent service with fairly light-weight cars will causecbout as much wear as a less frequent service withheavy cars. Type of Special Work Also InfluencesMaintenance Costs There are four general types of special-work con-struction, each of which has its peculiarities and re-quires a different degree of maintenance under equaltraffic conditions. These types are: (1) Plain bolted;(2) cast steel, hard center; (3)
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