. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology, an outline of the structure and classification of birds, and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds . Fig. 13. — Wilsons ScHOOL-HonsE, near Grays Ferry. Philadelpuia. From a drawing by M. , Oct. 22, 1841, received by Elliott Coues, February, 1879, from Malvina Lawson, daugh


. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology, an outline of the structure and classification of birds, and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds . Fig. 13. — Wilsons ScHOOL-HonsE, near Grays Ferry. Philadelpuia. From a drawing by M. , Oct. 22, 1841, received by Elliott Coues, February, 1879, from Malvina Lawson, daughter of AlexanderLawson, Wilsons engraver. See article in the Penn Monthly, June, 1879, p. 443. The drawing was firstengraved on wood, and publislied, by Thomas Meehan, in the Gardeners ]\Ionthly, August, 1880, p. 248. Thepresent impression is from an electrotype of that wood-cut. The size of the original is x inches. Thisreminder of early days of Field Ornithology in America may be further attested by the signature of ^^. Part II. GENEKAL OENITHOLOGY: AN OUTLINE OF THE STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS. § 1. — DEFINITION OF BIRDS. GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY, like Field Oruithology, is a subject with ^vhich thestudent must have some acquaintauce, if he would hope to derive either pleasure orprofit from the Birds of North America. For any intelligent understanding of this subject, hemust become reasonably familiar with the technical terms used in describing and classifyingbirds, and learn at least enough of the structure of these creatures to appreciate the charactersupon which all description and classification is based. Extensive and varied and accurate asmay be his random perception of objects of natural history, his knowledge is not scientific, butonly empirical, until reflection comes to aid observation, and conceptions of the significance ofwhat he knows are formed by logical processes in the mind. For Science (Lat. scire, to know) is knowledge set in order —


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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirdsnorthamerica