The physiology of the circulation in plants : in the lower animals, and in man : being a course of lectures delivered at surgeons' hall to the president, fellows, etc of the Royal college of surgeons of Edinburgh, in the summer of 1872 . s adverted to are notconfined to animals, and we must descend still further in the scaleof being, if we would see them in their most rudimentary occur in such plants as the Volvox globator and Chlamy-domonas, the vacuoles of which open and close with They are the same which pause the leaves and flowers ofcertain orders of plants
The physiology of the circulation in plants : in the lower animals, and in man : being a course of lectures delivered at surgeons' hall to the president, fellows, etc of the Royal college of surgeons of Edinburgh, in the summer of 1872 . s adverted to are notconfined to animals, and we must descend still further in the scaleof being, if we would see them in their most rudimentary occur in such plants as the Volvox globator and Chlamy-domonas, the vacuoles of which open and close with They are the same which pause the leaves and flowers ofcertain orders of plants to open and close at various periods of theday and night. If, therefore, structureless masses have the powerof opening and closing, or, what is the same thing, of elongating andshortening, it is not too much to claim a similar power for amuscular fibre and the sarcous elements of which it is composed ;the more especially as we know, from observation and experiment,that the muscular fibre when it shortens in one direction elongatesin another direction, the fibre and its component particles possessingthe power of abandoning and returning to their original form. If itbe true that when a muscle shortens it elongates in the direction. 1 That a jelly-like mass, apparently devoid of structure, is capable of shorten-ing and elongating, is proved by a very remarkable experiment made by distinguished physiologist took the intestine of a cockchafer and stuffed itwith living protoplasm from a living plant. He applied electricity to the gut so prepared, and found, to Ins surprise, that it exhibited all the phenomenapeculiar to muscle when artificially stimulated—the intestine shortening sud-denly when the stimulus was applied, and elongating slowly after it was with-draw n. PHYSIOLOGY OF TIIK CIRCULATION. 177 of its breadth, and if further it be true that when a muscleelongates it shortens in the direction of its breadth, it followsthat all the particles in the mass obey the s
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