. The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary and Greek lexicon; forming a glossary of all the words representing visible objects connected with the arts, manufactures, and every-day life of the Greeks and Romans, with representations of nearly two thousand objects from the antique. possessionBianchini 176 CLAVUS. sharp ends projecting from the sole,as in our cricket shoes,in order to afford the J3|§jwearer a firmer foot- f^jling on the ground. /TSsV^,(Joseph. Bell. Jud. LJ^^^^^vi. I. 7.) The exam- ^^^^pie introduced is given by Ferrarius,as copied from the arch of Constantineat Rome. He
. The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary and Greek lexicon; forming a glossary of all the words representing visible objects connected with the arts, manufactures, and every-day life of the Greeks and Romans, with representations of nearly two thousand objects from the antique. possessionBianchini 176 CLAVUS. sharp ends projecting from the sole,as in our cricket shoes,in order to afford the J3|§jwearer a firmer foot- f^jling on the ground. /TSsV^,(Joseph. Bell. Jud. LJ^^^^^vi. I. 7.) The exam- ^^^^pie introduced is given by Ferrarius,as copied from the arch of Constantineat Rome. He states that the spikeswere clearly distinguishable in histime, but the artist has certainlycommitted an error in leaving thetoes exposed, for the caliga was aclose boot; see that word, and Ca- LIGARIUS. 6. Clavus gubernaculi. The helmor tiller of an ancient rudder; whichwas a cross-bar (fustis, Serv. adVirg. 2En. v. 176.), fixed to theupper part of the handle (ansa) atright angles to it, so that it fell withinthe ship, and enabled the steersmanto move his helm in the directionrequired. (Isidor. Orig. xix. 2. 12.). When the vessel was furnished witha rudder on each quarter, and suffi-ciently small to be managed by asingle helmsman, he held a clavus ineach hand ; but in heavy weather, orin larger vessels, each rudder had itsown helmsman. The steerage waseffected in both cases by raising ordepressing the clavus, at the sametime turning it slightly in or out, inorder to give the blade of the ruddera less or greater resistance against j the water; an effect well known tothose who are accustomed to rowing,I or steering with an oar ; and our own| nautical phrases helm up andhelm down which still remain in! use, though expressive of a veryj different operation, undoubtedly ori-| ginated in this practice of the an-j cients ; for in the Latin and Anglo-I Saxon Glossary of iElfricus, the word; clavus is translated helma, our helm,j All these particulars are clearly illus-! trated by the
Size: 1520px × 1644px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840, booksubjectclassicaldictionarie
