Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . ad not experienced on themselves the effects ofbreechloading fire, though tliej had used it with overwhelmingsuccess in the Danish and the Austrian wars, and theyaccordingly attacked the French in the small columns sopopular in the (lorman army during the last years of theirstruggle against the great Napoleon. But it was soon found [ The far more extensive l\elp ;:iven clnriu;;- tlie Soutli Alriciui War lies
Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . ad not experienced on themselves the effects ofbreechloading fire, though tliej had used it with overwhelmingsuccess in the Danish and the Austrian wars, and theyaccordingly attacked the French in the small columns sopopular in the (lorman army during the last years of theirstruggle against the great Napoleon. But it was soon found [ The far more extensive l\elp ;:iven clnriu;;- tlie Soutli Alriciui War lies,of outside tlie scope of this chapter.] - Hamleys Operations of War. .ith ed., p. 424. THE ARMY. 567 1385] that under the hail of bullets which the French breechloaderspoured into thcni, these columns dissolved into clouds ofskirmishers, and that the attack was delivered, not by menfighting shoulder to shoulder, but by soldiers acting more orless independently of each other. To evolve order out of thisdisorder, to systematise the attack in extended order, hasbeen the constant pre-occupation of the generals of everyarmy since the war of 1,S70. All nations have now adopted. liKASS CAriLliED AT TEL KL-KKIUn.{Itminl United Serei-e Instllutuni,) much the same views. They recognise that to bring up nicuin the face of an enemy aiuned with breechloaders is im-possible until the morale of the foe has been greatly , the Napoleonic tactics of massing batteries againstthe point to be breached have fieen revived, and a crushingartillery tire is concentrated upf)n the troops wlio occupythe threatened point in the delcnders position. When theyare considered to be sufficiently demoralised, the infantryis launched against tiiem, in suc(^essive waves of skirmishers,constantly reinforced from the supporting troops in rear, whofollow them at distances which are gradually diminished as 568 THE SUCCESSION OF THE DEMOCRACY. [1865 the enemy is approached. When the i
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