. Machinery and processes of the industrial arts, and apparatus of the exact sciences. ment of the arm. From what has been said it will beinferred that the curvature of the arm is such that its angular movementis proportional to the quantity of pure alcohol contained in the measuredquantity of liquid at the density indicated at the moment by the positionof the float. One additional provision,, rather important to the correctness of theindications of the hydrometerr has been attended to, which remains tobe explained. A mixture of alcohol and water standing in a vessel atrest is liable to settle
. Machinery and processes of the industrial arts, and apparatus of the exact sciences. ment of the arm. From what has been said it will beinferred that the curvature of the arm is such that its angular movementis proportional to the quantity of pure alcohol contained in the measuredquantity of liquid at the density indicated at the moment by the positionof the float. One additional provision,, rather important to the correctness of theindications of the hydrometerr has been attended to, which remains tobe explained. A mixture of alcohol and water standing in a vessel atrest is liable to settle in strata of unequal density. It is indispensableto prevent such a condition of things from establishing itself in the tankwhich contains the float. The inventors have, therefore, provided a sys-tem of tubes for introducing the liquid into the tank and for withdraw-ing it, by means of which contrary upward and downward currents arepropagated incessantly throughout the mass. The continual interming-ling of all the strata thus serves to maintain a density perfectly uniform. Fig. Siemens and Halskes Volumeter. The foregoing description may be made, perhaps, somewhat more clearby referring to Fig. 68, which represents in vertical section the volumeter,the receiving chamber, the float, and the system of tubes and communi-cations designed to maintain the circulation. In this figure, H indicatesthe tube by which the liquid is introduced into the central chamber of 222 PARIS UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION. the volumeter. So soon as the level in this chamber reaches a the liquidoverflows into the cavity I; and until this cavity is filled the level isstationary. But when escape by this passage ceases to be possible, thelevel rises, and an overflow commences at a into the cavity II on the left. The equilibrium of the vessel being thus disturbed, a rotation com-mences, and the chamber II descends. The point of efflux B, correspond-ing to the chamber I, being in this movement brought below the
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