. Canadian engineer. ,969 Canadian Northern Railway. March 7 $ 540,200 $ 428,700 March 14 538,000 412,000 March 21 549,000 421,700 March 31 979,800 637,000 The following .ire the railroad earnings forof April:— Canadian Pacific Railway. 1916. 1915. April 7 .$2,4X2,000 $i,7< Grand Trunk Railway. April 7 $1,155,486 $1,008,320 Canadian Northern 7 $ 677,000 $ 457,000 earnings for + $531,000+ 527,000+ + 927,000 + $139,875 + 100,395 + 109,296 + 145,473 -I- $111,500+ 126,000+ 127,300+ 342,800the first week + $716,000+ $147,166+ $220,000 April 20, 1916. THE CANADIAN ENGIN
. Canadian engineer. ,969 Canadian Northern Railway. March 7 $ 540,200 $ 428,700 March 14 538,000 412,000 March 21 549,000 421,700 March 31 979,800 637,000 The following .ire the railroad earnings forof April:— Canadian Pacific Railway. 1916. 1915. April 7 .$2,4X2,000 $i,7< Grand Trunk Railway. April 7 $1,155,486 $1,008,320 Canadian Northern 7 $ 677,000 $ 457,000 earnings for + $531,000+ 527,000+ + 927,000 + $139,875 + 100,395 + 109,296 + 145,473 -I- $111,500+ 126,000+ 127,300+ 342,800the first week + $716,000+ $147,166+ $220,000 April 20, 1916. THE CANADIAN ENGINEER 457 GRAPHICAL TREATMENT OF ELASTIC RIBS. I. BEAMS. HE deflection of curved or straight beams or archribs can easily be determined analytically, accord-ing to C. S. Whitney, , in The CornellCivil Engineer, by the use of the calculus for verysimple cases, but where the shape of the rib is irregularor the moment of inertia is variable so that it cannot beexpressed by a simple equation the treatment becomes T. quite difficult. By the remarkably simple method ex-plained below it is possible to draw lo scale the elasticcurve for any rib or beam under any load in a very shorttime. The method seems to be practically unknown inthis country, and although it is original with the writer method here outlined in combination with the theory ofvirtual displacements affords the simplest of all methodsof analyzing such structures as continuous beams, two-hinged arches, or fixed reinforced concrete or irregularity of section does not affect theease of solution. Results can be obtained by the graphicalmethod with any degree of accuracy which may be war-ranted by practical considerations. The deflections are obtained by the graphical integra-tion of the familiar equations Mxds . fMds = [Myds ^ ri and ^0 = /? EI J EI the derivation of whicli may be found in Churchs Me-chanics of Engineering and other texts. It must be notedthat the integration is from the point of wh
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