The collected papers of Joseph baron Lister . nto contact with the walls of thetube at all, but with their lining of coagulatedblood. It has been long known that if blood is stirredwith a rod, the process of coagulation is seemed desirable to ascertain distinctly whetherthe cause of this was the contact of the foreignsolid, or the opportunity given for the escape of ammonia ; for it is quite truethat, in the ordinary process of stirring blood, more or less air is mixed with the purpose of determining this I devised a somewhat complicated experi-ment, which, however, it may b
The collected papers of Joseph baron Lister . nto contact with the walls of thetube at all, but with their lining of coagulatedblood. It has been long known that if blood is stirredwith a rod, the process of coagulation is seemed desirable to ascertain distinctly whetherthe cause of this was the contact of the foreignsolid, or the opportunity given for the escape of ammonia ; for it is quite truethat, in the ordinary process of stirring blood, more or less air is mixed with the purpose of determining this I devised a somewhat complicated experi-ment, which, however, it may be worth while to mention. I made an apparatus(Fig. 2) of two portions of glass tube, A and B, connected in a vertical positionby means of vulcanized india-rubber, I, the lower portion of the glass tube beingalso connected by india-rubber, V, with a wooden handle, which handle, H, wasprovided with an upright piece of wire, from which spokes projected in differentdirections, so that they would, when moved, act as a churn on any blood contained. Fig. 114 Oyi THE COAGUTALION OF THE BLOOD in the lower portion of tube. When the lower piece of tube was fixed by mean ofa vice, V, the flexibility of the india-rubber permitted the churn to be rotated soas to expose the blood to its influence. This having been arranged, I first pouredin strong liquor ammoniac, so as to get rid of any slight acidity which the con-stituents of the apparatus might be conceived to possess, and then, having pouredout the ammonia, filled up the apparatus with water, and boiled the whole ina large glass test-tube till all bubbles of air, in any portion of it, were then tied into a branch of the carotid artery, C, of a calf a bent tube ofsmall diameter, as represented, and having permitted the blood to flow till itescaped at the orifice of the tube, I compressed the artery and passed the tubedown through the water to the bottom of the apparatus, and then let the bloodflow again, which had the effe
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