. Diseases of the ear; a text-book for practitioners and students of medicine. ced through the canal. The stapeslies obliquely in the oval niche, being nearer to the inferiorand posterior walls of the fossa than to the anterior and supe-rior. Since the posterior wall of the niche is almost vertical,the corresponding stapedial crus lies close to it, and adhesionsbetween this wall and the posterior limb of the ossicle are offrequent occurrence. The ossicular chain is suspended in the tympanic cavityby a series of ligaments which bind the individual membersof the chain to each other and to the wa
. Diseases of the ear; a text-book for practitioners and students of medicine. ced through the canal. The stapeslies obliquely in the oval niche, being nearer to the inferiorand posterior walls of the fossa than to the anterior and supe-rior. Since the posterior wall of the niche is almost vertical,the corresponding stapedial crus lies close to it, and adhesionsbetween this wall and the posterior limb of the ossicle are offrequent occurrence. The ossicular chain is suspended in the tympanic cavityby a series of ligaments which bind the individual membersof the chain to each other and to the walls of the tympanum. Ligaments of the Malleus (Fig. 15).—These are four innumber : the anterior, external, posterior, and superior or sus-pensory i 18 THE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE EAR. The anterior ligament is the strongest of these. It arisesfrom the spina tympanica major and from the walls of theGlaserian fissure, some of the fibers traversing the length ofthe fissure and taking their origin from the spine of the sphe- Mastoidantrum. / External Anterior ligament. Stapes. -~ u^^- Tendon of ten-sor tympani. Fig. 15.—The tympanum from above. (Authors specimen.) noid. From this extensive origin they pass outward, upward,and backward, and are inserted into the anterior surface ofthe neck of the malleus and into the depression found on theanterior surface of the head. They inclose the processusfolianus of the malleus. The external ligament is somewhat fan-shaped. It springsfrom the external roughened surface of the neck of the ossicle,from which point the fibers diverge to be inserted into thefree margin of the inner extremity of the superior wall of that,portion of the bony meatus formed by the external plate of thesquama. The posterior fibres, according to Helmholtz, forma distinct band called the posterior ligament of the malleus.* This portion of the external ligament, together with theanterior ligament, forms the axis band of the hammer, sincethe
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