. The elements of materia medica and therapeutics (Volume 2) . point loose,(Kunth). (See fig. 122, 1 ; and fig. 126.) sp. char.—Glumes and awns scabrous (Kunth). Hai>.—The Caucasian-Caspian desert. Cultivated in Europe. Composition.—The grains consist, according to Einhof, of meal, ; huslc, SPURRED RYE OR ERGOT. 71 24-2 ; and moisture, 10-2. The mealis composed of uncrystallizable su-gar, 3-28; gum, 11-09; starch,01-07; husky matter (woody fibre),6-38 ; gluten, soluble in alcohol, 9-48 ;albumen, 3-28; undetermined acidand loss, 5-02. (Gmelin, Ilandb. , ii. 1343.) Chemical Chara
. The elements of materia medica and therapeutics (Volume 2) . point loose,(Kunth). (See fig. 122, 1 ; and fig. 126.) sp. char.—Glumes and awns scabrous (Kunth). Hai>.—The Caucasian-Caspian desert. Cultivated in Europe. Composition.—The grains consist, according to Einhof, of meal, ; huslc, SPURRED RYE OR ERGOT. 71 24-2 ; and moisture, 10-2. The mealis composed of uncrystallizable su-gar, 3-28; gum, 11-09; starch,01-07; husky matter (woody fibre),6-38 ; gluten, soluble in alcohol, 9-48 ;albumen, 3-28; undetermined acidand loss, 5-02. (Gmelin, Ilandb. , ii. 1343.) Chemical Characteristics.—Acold decoction of rye forms withiodine the blue iodide of starch. Physiological Effects.—Rye-flour is nutritive, but less so thanwheat-flour. (See vol. i. p. 98.) Use.—Rye-bread is in commonuse among the inhabitants of thenorthern parts of Europe, but in thiscountry is rarely employed. Rye-pottage (Pulmentum vel Jusculumsecalinum) is said to be a usefularticle of diet in consumptive cases.(Pearson, Pract. Synop. of the 91.). Sccale cereale. i. a. ovarium, with its hairs, b; c, c, the plumose stig-mata ; c, e, scales;/,/, position of palete ; g, receptacle. 2. mature grain, with tin; embryo at the base and theremains of the stigmata at the top. •*•/,/ palea:; g, receptacle. 6. SECALE RYE OR ERGOT.(Ergota, L. E. [)] History.—No undoubted reference to ergot is found in the writings of theancients. The disease produced by it is supposed to be referred to in the follow,mg passage :—« 1089. A pestilent year, especially in the western parts of Lor-rame, where many persons became putrid, in consequence of their inward partsbeing consumed by St. Anthonys fire. Their limbs were rotten, and becameblack like coal. They either perished miserably; or, deprived of their putridhands and feet, were reserved for a more miserable life. Moreover, many crip-pies were afflicted with contraction of the sinews [nervorum contraction1 The
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