. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. PLATE CXI. HERCULES' CLUB 1. Soction of a l)rancli with c(»iiii»ouinl leaves, x 2. A panicle of flowers, x i, '.i. A panicle of fruit, x J. 4. A winter twifr, x }. 5. Section of u winter twig, natural size. 205 HERCULES' CLUB Aralia spinosa, Linnaeus FAMILY AND GENUS DESCRIPTION—Thin species belong to the Ginseng fanUly, Aralia- ceae, which cuniprises about 62 genera with 450 species of herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees. The nieinberH are widely distributed, but commonest in the tropics. The English Ivy (Hedera Helix
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. PLATE CXI. HERCULES' CLUB 1. Soction of a l)rancli with c(»iiii»ouinl leaves, x 2. A panicle of flowers, x i, '.i. A panicle of fruit, x J. 4. A winter twifr, x }. 5. Section of u winter twig, natural size. 205 HERCULES' CLUB Aralia spinosa, Linnaeus FAMILY AND GENUS DESCRIPTION—Thin species belong to the Ginseng fanUly, Aralia- ceae, which cuniprises about 62 genera with 450 species of herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees. The nieinberH are widely distributed, but commonest in the tropics. The English Ivy (Hedera Helix L.) an evergreen climber, is one of its most common representatives. The Common Ginseng (Panax iiunquefolium), is a well-known member of this family. The flora of Pennsylvania includes 2 genera with 6 species. The species described here is the only tree representative In North Anitrica. The genus Aralia to which it belongs comprises about 30 species, mostlj herbs, mitive to North America and Asia. FORM—It n^y attain a height of 40 ft, with a diameter of 12 Inches, but usually 10-20 ft. in height with a diameter of 4-8 inches. Trunk may be branchless or sometimes covered with stout wldespreading brandies. BARK—Thin, brown outside, yellow In«Ide, at first smooth, later divided Into rounded broken ridges. TWIGS—Very stout, §-3 of an inch In diameter, armed with stout, scattered prickles, rough- ened by long narrow leaf-scars which nearly encircle the twig. BUDS—Alternate; terminal bud present, about i-i of an inch long, chestnut-brown, conical, blunt pointed. Lateral buda i cf an inch long, flattened, often triangular. LEAVES—Alternate, compound or doubly compound often 3 ft. long and 2-2J ft. wide. Leaflets ovate, 2-8 Inches long, thick, wedge-shaped or rounded at base, sharp-pointed at apex, serrate on margin, sometimes a little hairy on lower surface. Enlarged bases of the leaf- petioles sheath the twigs. LEAF-SCARS—Alternate, narrow, long, about half encircl
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