. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. THE ELECTEIC FURNACE. 307 Ruthenl)urg's electro-magnetic furnace is another practical example of the proverb "Necessity is the mother of ; One of the purest sources for the extraction of metallic iron is ''iron sand" and similar ores, the process of treating- which has hitherto been hampered b}" their finely divided state and consequent clogging of the smelting furnaces. Ruthenburg's invention has in view the p
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. THE ELECTEIC FURNACE. 307 Ruthenl)urg's electro-magnetic furnace is another practical example of the proverb "Necessity is the mother of ; One of the purest sources for the extraction of metallic iron is ''iron sand" and similar ores, the process of treating- which has hitherto been hampered b}" their finely divided state and consequent clogging of the smelting furnaces. Ruthenburg's invention has in view the preliminary agglom- eration of this sand, with the object of thus converting it into a form more suitable for the ordinary operation of smelting. His furnace is represented in fig. 15, and consists of two similar cast-iron hoppers H H, hinged together at the point of support a, and into which the iron sand is fed at equal rates. The discharge orifices o o are opposite to each other, and the distance between them can be varied at will by the handwheel and worm W. The two hoppers con- stitute the electrodes, terminal con- nection with them being secured as shown at f t^ where the discharge noz- zles are also water jacketed; C C are magnetizing coils encircling the hop- pers and having their windings con- nected either in series with or in shunt across the hoppers. Their office is to magnetize the individual particles of the sand, causing them to adhere together temporarily, and thus assist in forming a self-supporting mass M across the discharge apertures. This mass is subjected to the maximum heating effect, and the semimolten prt)duct drops away into the crucible R, placed to receive it. A novel t^'pe of resistance furnace, patented independently, with some slight variation of detail, by Colby, l^Vrranti, and Kjellin, is worked on the inductive principle, and consists of an anmilar or helical channel in a refractor}^ l)ase, filled with a conducting or semiconduct- ing medium, wh
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