Gynecology . be a communication between the bladderand vagina. It should be remembered, however, that in embryonal life theurinary system at no time communicates with the Mullerian ducts, so that incomplete hypospadias the urethral opening is really into the vestibule. Whenthe defect of the urethra is complete, there is also an absence of the sphinctervesicae with full incontinence of urine. When the urethra is incompletelydeveloped the incontinence may be only partial. The treatment of hypospadias is operative, and is directed to the control of DEFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT 387 the urine. If the hyp


Gynecology . be a communication between the bladderand vagina. It should be remembered, however, that in embryonal life theurinary system at no time communicates with the Mullerian ducts, so that incomplete hypospadias the urethral opening is really into the vestibule. Whenthe defect of the urethra is complete, there is also an absence of the sphinctervesicae with full incontinence of urine. When the urethra is incompletelydeveloped the incontinence may be only partial. The treatment of hypospadias is operative, and is directed to the control of DEFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT 387 the urine. If the hypospadias is complete the success of the operation is alwaysin doubt. If, however, the defect is partial and the vesical sphincter muscle ispresent, a skilfully performed plastic operation should cure the patient. Theoperative technic must be determined somewhat by the exigencies of the case,but may be carried out on the general principles recommended for Incontinence(see page 535). ??? . - : -X \Xre\Wou. \/ XlC\.\j\0-


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdec, booksubjectgynecology, booksubjectwomen