. A dictionary of birds . Analytical Diagram of a Birds Skull. Preemaxilla; (2) the right and left Maxillae; (3, 4, 5) the rightand left Palatines, Pterygoids and Quadrates—these being, as wellas (6, 7) the right and left Jugals and Quadrato-jugals, modifica-tions of the dorsal half of the first visceral arch; (8) the bonesforming the right and left Mandibulse (or the lower jaw)—namely,the Dentals, Splenials, Supra-angulars, Angulars and Articulars—allthese last being modifications of the ventral half of the same (first)visceral arch; (9) the ossicles of the ear, columella auris (p. 179),. Ana
. A dictionary of birds . Analytical Diagram of a Birds Skull. Preemaxilla; (2) the right and left Maxillae; (3, 4, 5) the rightand left Palatines, Pterygoids and Quadrates—these being, as wellas (6, 7) the right and left Jugals and Quadrato-jugals, modifica-tions of the dorsal half of the first visceral arch; (8) the bonesforming the right and left Mandibulse (or the lower jaw)—namely,the Dentals, Splenials, Supra-angulars, Angulars and Articulars—allthese last being modifications of the ventral half of the same (first)visceral arch; (9) the ossicles of the ear, columella auris (p. 179),. Analytical Diagram of the Visceral Arches. The dotted portions are not developed. being the remnants of the dorsal half of the second visceral arch( = the 1st bianchial arch), while the remnant of its ventral halfis transformed into the os eidoglossum (p. 453); (10) the rest of theHyoid apparatus formed by the third visceral ( = 2nd branchial)arch. SKULL 873 And now to proceed to a more detailed description of the variousregions of the Skull. The Occiput proper is formed by the Basi-occipital, right and left lateral and supra-occipital, all of whichenclose the foramen magnmn, through which passes the medullaoblongata (p 51), and, as in Reptiles, the Skull articulates by a singleglobular or kidney-shaped knob with the Atlas (cf. Skeleton,p. 848), the condyle being formed almost wholly by the basi-occipital, the lateral occij)itals taking but little share in it, and thusconstituting a fundamental distinction between the Amphibians onthe one hand and Mammals on the other, where the artic
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlyde, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirds
