. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 12345 7 8 Week 9 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 4. Change of large MPs to FPs under optimal and suboptimal conditions (treatments) during 14 weeks. (A) Cumulative percentage of large MPs changed to FP; (B) relative molting rates; (C) water tempera- tures. this time, the two MPs of the original optimal treatment had not changed sex (verified by examination of pleopods after preservation). In the suboptimal treatment, after 6 weeks without any sex change and 3 weeks after the switch to optimal conditions, MPs began to change and contin
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 12345 7 8 Week 9 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 4. Change of large MPs to FPs under optimal and suboptimal conditions (treatments) during 14 weeks. (A) Cumulative percentage of large MPs changed to FP; (B) relative molting rates; (C) water tempera- tures. this time, the two MPs of the original optimal treatment had not changed sex (verified by examination of pleopods after preservation). In the suboptimal treatment, after 6 weeks without any sex change and 3 weeks after the switch to optimal conditions, MPs began to change and continued to do so until the experiment was terminated (Fig. 5). In the last 8 weeks, 10 of 17 had changed to FP, while 2 others were late-stage transitionals (close to FP change) when removed from the experiment. Three of the original MPs in the suboptimal experiment remained, including one mid- stage transitional. Two others died during the last 8 weeks of the experiment. At the beginning of the experiment, the mean size of MPs in the suboptimal (n = 45) and optimal (n = 46) treat- ments was equal ( mm CL; t test, P = ) (Fig. 6). The size of FPs (sex-changed individuals) was compared between the suboptimal ( mm CL; n = 33) and optimal treatments ( mm CL; n = 40) (Fig. 6), and the hypoth- esis of no difference is accepted (/ test, P = ). The size of FPs from the suboptimal treatment that transformed in weeks 14-22 (mean = mm CL, n = 10) was slightly larger than that of FPs from the optimal treatment (Fig. 6), but the means of these two groups are not significantly different (t test, P = ). Discussion This study addressed components of different hypotheses about the timing and degree of sex change in Lysmata wurdemanni that might explain the presence of large MPs (male-phase individuals) in this species. Lysmata spp. have a unique protandric sexual system in which sex-changed "females" (FPs) retain the ability to mate as males—that is, are simulta
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
