. Chemical composition of rivers and lakes. Water -- Composition; Rivers; Lakes. G4 DATA OF GEOCHEMISTRY N. Fiodke 1.—Mean daily supply of chloride and sulfate plus nitrate in relation to wind direction. The inner and outer circles delimit 50 and 100 meq/100 m*, respectively. High chloride is characteristic of winds from a southwesterly direction, that is, from the sea, whereas sulfate and nitrate are high in winds blowing from the in- dustrial regions lying cast and southeast of the station in the English Lake district where the rain was collected. After Gorham (1958). Reprinted by permission
. Chemical composition of rivers and lakes. Water -- Composition; Rivers; Lakes. G4 DATA OF GEOCHEMISTRY N. Fiodke 1.—Mean daily supply of chloride and sulfate plus nitrate in relation to wind direction. The inner and outer circles delimit 50 and 100 meq/100 m*, respectively. High chloride is characteristic of winds from a southwesterly direction, that is, from the sea, whereas sulfate and nitrate are high in winds blowing from the in- dustrial regions lying cast and southeast of the station in the English Lake district where the rain was collected. After Gorham (1958). Reprinted by permission of the Eoyal Society, London. and mineral soil, is usually much more concentrated than surface runoff, the more so because it is usually in contact with the mineral material of the soil under conditions of oxygen and carbon dioxide tension that are particularly favorable to the solution of many mineral components. As a result, the concentration of dissolved matter of river water usually bears an in- verse relation to discharge, although the relation is seldom simple. The water of heavy rains has less opportunity to be concentrated by evaporation and is usually less concentrated to begin with than the water of light showers. These combined effects cause rivers at high stage to be less concentrated than rivers at low stage. Although it is usually difficult to separate the various concentration processes, their net effects are usually greatest in arid lands. For example, the Moreau River, S. Dak., with an annual discharge of 2 inches over the 1,570 square miles of its drainage basin, has a total ion content that ranges from 160 to 3,400 ppm (parts per million) during a single year. Monthly analyses for the principal elements are given in table 4. This may be contrasted with a range from 36 to 57 ppm for Mayo River, (table 5), from a humid region with an annual discharge of 17 inches over the 260 square miles of its drainage basin. It is impossible to appreciate the full ex
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