Elementary text-book of zoology, tr Elementary text-book of zoology, tr. and ed. by Adam Sedgwick, with the assistance of F. G. Heathcote elementarytextbo01clau Year: 1892-1893 ORTIIOPTERA. 561 they have cast their pupal skin, probably copulate after they return from their flight to the nest, and then lose their wings, retaining only the basal stump. The males remain behind in the community, as according to the works of Smeatlinian, Lespes, Bates, etc., a king is said to remain always in the com- pany of the queen. After copulation the queen, which remains in the com- munity, swells up to an
Elementary text-book of zoology, tr Elementary text-book of zoology, tr. and ed. by Adam Sedgwick, with the assistance of F. G. Heathcote elementarytextbo01clau Year: 1892-1893 ORTIIOPTERA. 561 they have cast their pupal skin, probably copulate after they return from their flight to the nest, and then lose their wings, retaining only the basal stump. The males remain behind in the community, as according to the works of Smeatlinian, Lespes, Bates, etc., a king is said to remain always in the com- pany of the queen. After copulation the queen, which remains in the com- munity, swells up to an enormous size on account of the enlargement of her ovary, and begins to lay the eggs frequently in special places in the nest. They are at once carried away by the workers. Termes lucifugus Ross., South Europe. L., in tropical Africa, builds hills from 10 to 12 feet high. Calotermes flavicollis Fabr., South Europe. Tribe 3 : Amphibiotica. The larvae live in water and possess tracbeal gills. Fam. Perlidae. Body elongated and flat, with laterally placed eyes, three ocelli and setiform antennae. The wings are unequal, and the posterior region of the broad hind wings can be folded downwards. The abdomen has ten segments and two long segmented filaments. The wings are often reduced in the males. The female carries the eggs for a time in a depression of the ninth abdominal segment, and finally deposits them in water. The larvaj live beneath stones. They usually have tracheal gills on the thorax, and feed principally on the larvse of Epheme- rid(B. JYeniura nebitlosa L., Pcrla bicaudata L., P. (Pteronarcys) reticulata Burm., with tufted gills. Found in Siberia. Fam. Ephemeridae. May flies. Body slender, and soft-skinned, with hemispherical eyes, three ocelli and short setiform antennae. The front wings are large, the posterior small and rounded, sometimes fused with the anterior or altogether absent. The mouth parts are rudi- mentary. The males have very long front legs. The
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