. The eastern nations and Greece. been called the Raphael ofantiquity, was the court painter of Alexander the Great. He wassuch a consummate master of the art of painting and carried it tosuch a state of perfection that the ancient writers spoke of it as theArt of Apelles. That Apelles, like Zeuxis and Parrhasius, painted lifelike picturesis shown by the following story. In a con-test between him and some rival artists, horseswere the objects represented. Perceiving thatthe judges were unfriendly to him, Apellesinsisted that less prejudiced judges, namely,some horses that were near, should pro


. The eastern nations and Greece. been called the Raphael ofantiquity, was the court painter of Alexander the Great. He wassuch a consummate master of the art of painting and carried it tosuch a state of perfection that the ancient writers spoke of it as theArt of Apelles. That Apelles, like Zeuxis and Parrhasius, painted lifelike picturesis shown by the following story. In a con-test between him and some rival artists, horseswere the objects represented. Perceiving thatthe judges were unfriendly to him, Apellesinsisted that less prejudiced judges, namely,some horses that were near, should pronounceupon the merit of the respective pieces. Whenbrought before the pictures of his rivals thehorses exhibited no concern; but upon beingshown the painting of Apelles they manifestedby neighing and other intelligent signs theirinstant recognition of the companions thegreat master had created. In the hands of Apelles Greek paintingattained its highest excellence. After him theart declined, and no other really great Fig. 131. Portrait in Wax Paint (From the Fayum) These paintings [Fayumportraits] give us a betteridea of what ancient paint-ing was, and what a highstate it must have reachedin its prime, than anythingyet known, exceptingsome Pompeian frescoes.— Flinders Petrie Selection from the Sources. Pausanias, x. 25-31 (description of the paintings of Polygnotus atDelphi). References (Modern). Hamlin, Text-hook ofthe Histoy of Architect2cre, chaps, vi, vii. Fowlerand Wheeler, Greek Archaology. Richardson,History of Greek Scnlptiire. Reinach, Apollo, chaps, iv-ix. Murray, Hand-book of Greek Archaology; A History of Greek Sculpture, 2 vols.; and TheSculptures of ike Parthenon. Perrot and Chipiez, Histoty of Art in PrimitiveGreece, 2 vols. E. A. Gardner, Ancient Athens and Handbook of Gi-eek Sculp-ture. Diehl, Kxcursions in Greece, chap, iv (gives the results of excavationsmade on the Acropolis of Athens during the years 18S2-1889). Furtwangler,Masterpieces of Gr


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