. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. The Hydrogen-ion Concentration, etc., of Sea-Water. 25 ature on the obsolete Re"aumur thermometer scale (14 R. = C.), which is often unattainable aboard ship or at seaside laboratories. The best practice is to titrate the chlorides of the sea-water with silver- nitrate solution, using potassium chromate as indicator, and, if a constant temperature can not be maintained, to calibrate each new silver solution with standard sea-water. Since the temperature ^. FIG. 2.—Conversion table for finding the density of sea-water,
. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. The Hydrogen-ion Concentration, etc., of Sea-Water. 25 ature on the obsolete Re"aumur thermometer scale (14 R. = C.), which is often unattainable aboard ship or at seaside laboratories. The best practice is to titrate the chlorides of the sea-water with silver- nitrate solution, using potassium chromate as indicator, and, if a constant temperature can not be maintained, to calibrate each new silver solution with standard sea-water. Since the temperature ^. FIG. 2.—Conversion table for finding the density of sea-water, referred to distilled water at 4°, from the Cl normality as determined by titration, or the grams of Cl per liter at the titration tem- perature. The density at any other temperature may be determined with the aid of figure 1 by reducing the result to Cl per kilogram and back to Cl per liter at the desired temperature. changes affect the volumes of the silver solution and sea-water about equally, they may be ignored. The concentration of sea-water was formerly expressed as the salinity or total salt-content, but it was found that the ratio of the chief salts in sea-water is remarkably constant, and the individual elements may be determined much more accurately than the total salts in one operation. Salinity is no longer deter- mined directly, but is calculated from the chlorine titration according. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington
Size: 1514px × 1651px
Photo credit: © Book Worm / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookauthorcarnegie, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookyear1902
