. Botany of the living plant. Botany; Plants. MODIFICATIONS OF FORM 215 B its straggling habit, partly by the spread of its pulpy fruits by birds. The widely spreading branches bear hooked prickles on their projecting angles, which are effective in aiding support (iii). In other cases hooks that help the straggling are produced from other parts. The climbing Rattan Palms of the genus Calamus bear them on the concave side of the whip-like leaf-apices, or of the axillary buds ; for it is sometimes the one, sometimes the other, which serves in this genus as the climbing organ (iv.). In the Jujube
. Botany of the living plant. Botany; Plants. MODIFICATIONS OF FORM 215 B its straggling habit, partly by the spread of its pulpy fruits by birds. The widely spreading branches bear hooked prickles on their projecting angles, which are effective in aiding support (iii). In other cases hooks that help the straggling are produced from other parts. The climbing Rattan Palms of the genus Calamus bear them on the concave side of the whip-like leaf-apices, or of the axillary buds ; for it is sometimes the one, sometimes the other, which serves in this genus as the climbing organ (iv.). In the Jujube (Zizyphus) there are woody- stipules to the leaves which are borne by the curved, whip-like branches. Of these stipules the one that is downwardly- directed of each pair is sharply reflexed, while the other points forwards (ii.). A parallel is seen in Sageretia, but in this case it is the axillary buds that are effective, for the lower of each pair forms a recurved hook, while the upper develops upwards as a leafy shoot, (i.) The mechanical effect is exactly the same as in the Jujube, but the parts used are different. In the Palm Desmonchus, it is the distal pinnae that are reflexed, and act almost like the flukes of a patent anchor (vii.). A very similar mechanical effect is shown by the reflexed axillary branches of Carissa (v. vi.). Such examples illustrate in what varied ways straggling may be made an effective method of support. They involve such diverse parts as emergences, stipules, pinnae, and axillary branches. In fact any part of the shoot-system may be used. The instances come from most diverse families of Dicotyledons and Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bower, F. O. (Frederick Orpen), 1855-1948; Wardlaw, C. W. (Claude Wilson), 1901-. London, Macmillan and Co. , l
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