. After the Tsunami: Rapid Environmental Assessment. NATIONAL RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - SRI LANKA 4. NATIONAL RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - SRI LANKA Introduction The first tsunami wave began to impact the eastern coast of Sri Lanka about 100 minutes after the earthquake, at approximately 8:40 The wave surge was recorded at between 5 and metres in most of the eastern and northeastern coast, and parts of the southern coast, doing most damage up to 3 metres above mean sea level. A secondary wave struck approximately 20 minutes later. The complex interaction between water-b
. After the Tsunami: Rapid Environmental Assessment. NATIONAL RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - SRI LANKA 4. NATIONAL RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - SRI LANKA Introduction The first tsunami wave began to impact the eastern coast of Sri Lanka about 100 minutes after the earthquake, at approximately 8:40 The wave surge was recorded at between 5 and metres in most of the eastern and northeastern coast, and parts of the southern coast, doing most damage up to 3 metres above mean sea level. A secondary wave struck approximately 20 minutes later. The complex interaction between water-borne energy, sea-bed and terrestrial terrain meant that the effects of the tsunami were different from place to place, but in general the eastern, north-eastern and south-eastern coast of Sri Lanka were particularly hard hit. Overall, the tsunami affected two-thirds of the coastline of Sri Lanka, over 1,000 kilometres in total. Seawater penetrated from tens to hundreds of metres inland (in places thousands of metres), and typically drained away within 30 minutes. During that time, between 31,000 and 37,000 people were killed by drowning or debris impact, and nearly 100,000 houses were destroyed along with tens of thousands of vehicles and much infrastructure. About 27,000 fatalities were fishermen, and two-thirds of the nation's fishing boats were wrecked, destroying many jobs. Farming was affected by the incursion of large amounts of salt water and marine sediment to fields and wells. Tourism was suspended in the middle of its peak season, and many coastal hotel rooms were destroyed and additional jobs 50-100 100 an _ 2oasoa ta- ?: BOO-IOOO ^^ IS0020OO ^^ looa-jfoo ^Hjsooiooo PvMmiacm A state of emergency was declared in all 12 of the affected coastal districts, and the national emergency and security services deployed rapidly. In the north and east an active role was also taken by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). The President moved swiftly to appoint three
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