Elements of biology; a practical Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology elementsofbiolog00hunt Year: [c1907] 180 ZOOLOGY one end is slightly pointed. This is called the anterior end. Do the animals always move at the same rate of speed? Do they ever turn over, or is one side always uppermost? What happens when they meet an obstruction? The locomotion of the paramoecium is caused by the movement of a number of tiny threads of protoplasm, the cilia. These cilia lash the w'ater like a multitude of tiny oars. If a little powdered carmine is al
Elements of biology; a practical Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology elementsofbiolog00hunt Year: [c1907] 180 ZOOLOGY one end is slightly pointed. This is called the anterior end. Do the animals always move at the same rate of speed? Do they ever turn over, or is one side always uppermost? What happens when they meet an obstruction? The locomotion of the paramoecium is caused by the movement of a number of tiny threads of protoplasm, the cilia. These cilia lash the w'ater like a multitude of tiny oars. If a little powdered carmine is allowed to run under the cover glass, the currents of water caused by the cilia may easily be seen. Some of the carmine grains may be found later inside the body of the paramoecium. Notice carefully the direction taken by the currents of w^ater bearing the carmine grains (or food particles), and try to locate a funnel-like opening. At the bottom of this funnel is the mouth. You will notice that the particles of carmine (or food materials) are gathered into little balls within the almost transparent protoplasm of the cell. These masses of food seem to be inclosed within a little area, containing fluid, called a vacuole. Other vacuoles ap- pear to be clear; these are spaces in which food has been digested. One or tw^o other larger vacuoles may sometimes be found, these are the contractile vacuoles; their purpose seems to be to pass off waste material from the cell body. This is done by pulsation of the vacuole, which ultimately bursts, passing out fluid waste to the outside. Solid w'astes are passed out of the cell in somewhat the same manner. The nucleus of the cell is not visiole in living specimens. In a cell that has been stained it has been found to be a double structure, consisting of one large and one small portion. Make a drawing of a paramoecium, showing as many of the above-mentioned parts as you can find. Paramoecium. Greatly magnified. From side. , food vacuole;
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