. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Science; Science -- New York (State). ARCTOWSKI, CHANGES IN DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE 109 The fourth question, ^'What are the connections between the conti- nental variations and those observed in the Arctic regions?" can best be .answered—with the maps on hand—by saying that the north polar annual temperature changes form, probably, an intrinsic part of those occurring in Europe, Siberia and North America. The ice-covered Arctic Ocean •connects Nowaya Zembla and the Siberian shores with Arctic America into one immense continental area. On t
. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Science; Science -- New York (State). ARCTOWSKI, CHANGES IN DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE 109 The fourth question, ^'What are the connections between the conti- nental variations and those observed in the Arctic regions?" can best be .answered—with the maps on hand—by saying that the north polar annual temperature changes form, probably, an intrinsic part of those occurring in Europe, Siberia and North America. The ice-covered Arctic Ocean •connects Nowaya Zembla and the Siberian shores with Arctic America into one immense continental area. On this area, pleions and antipleions •are formed and conjugate into one system. The question, "Do the Arctic ice conditions influence the annual tem- peratures observed in Europe and North America?" ought be reversed into the question, "How do the pleionian—or let us say the. Fig. 60.—Temperature curves at St. Helena, Arequipa, Porto Rico and Bermuda Arequipa variations—influence the ice conditions?" This is a very wide subject, about which much might be said. Air temperature is only one of the factors influencing the drift of polar ice. Ocean currents, and especially the winds, are more important factors than temperature. It is very well known that in the Arctic, as well as in the Antarctic, the ice conditions of certain regions may vary considerably one year from another and, from the knowledge gained in the North American archipelago—the Northwest Passage in particular—we must infer the existence of long-range or even secular variations. The quantity of icebergs drifting down into the path of the transat- lantic ocean steamers also varies considerably. The same may be said about the Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original New York Academy o
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