. Elementary botany. Botany. SEEDLINGS. 309 free end and slips off at the stem end. The next coat within, which is also hard and shining black, splits open at the opposite end, that is at the stem end. It usually splits open in the form of three ribs. Next within the inner coat is a very thin, whitish film (the remains of the nucellus, and correspond- ing to the perisperm) which shrivels up and loosens from the white mass, the endosperm, within. In the castor-oil bean, then, the endosperm is not all absorbed by the embryo during the formation of the seed. As the plant becomes older we should n
. Elementary botany. Botany. SEEDLINGS. 309 free end and slips off at the stem end. The next coat within, which is also hard and shining black, splits open at the opposite end, that is at the stem end. It usually splits open in the form of three ribs. Next within the inner coat is a very thin, whitish film (the remains of the nucellus, and correspond- ing to the perisperm) which shrivels up and loosens from the white mass, the endosperm, within. In the castor-oil bean, then, the endosperm is not all absorbed by the embryo during the formation of the seed. As the plant becomes older we should note that the fleshy endosperm becomes thinner and thinner, and at last there is nothing but a thin whitish film covering the green faces of the cotyledons. The endosperm has been gradually absorbed by the germinating plant through its cotyledons and used for food. 586. How the embryo gets out of a pumpkin seed.—We should not fail to germinate some seeds of a pumpkin or squash. Some of the seeds should IP S. Seedlings of castor-oil bean casting the seed coats, and showing papery remnant of the endosperm. be sown in the soil, and some on damp sphagnum covered with moist paper, or between the folds of a damp cloth, first soaking them for ten to twelve. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
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