. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 480 CARNIVORA. an adult seal, in which both these channels of communication remained open; and the writer of this article dissected a seal some years since which was nearly full grown, in which the foramen ovule was so open as to allow the tip of the little finger to enter, and the duct us arteriosus would admit with ease the bulb of a common probe. Upon the whole then it appears that, al- though the pervious condition of these chan- nels cannot be considered as general in the adult state of these diving animals, as has
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 480 CARNIVORA. an adult seal, in which both these channels of communication remained open; and the writer of this article dissected a seal some years since which was nearly full grown, in which the foramen ovule was so open as to allow the tip of the little finger to enter, and the duct us arteriosus would admit with ease the bulb of a common probe. Upon the whole then it appears that, al- though the pervious condition of these chan- nels cannot be considered as general in the adult state of these diving animals, as has sometimes been supposed, it must be allowed that this exception is far more frequent in them than in any other mammiferous animals, and that, as a general rule, these holes remain open later in such animals than in others. There is, however, in the otters and in the seals, a con- siderable dilatable enlargement observed in the inferior cava, which serves doubtless as a re- servoir to retain part of the returning blood during submersion, until the animal rises again to breathe. Organs of respiration.— The lungs are di- vided into lobes varying but little in number in the terrestrial families of the order. These all have four lobes to the right lung, and either two or three to the left. The seals have the right lung divided into two lobes, and the left undivided. The cartilaginous portions of the rings of which the trachea is composed vary in the proportions which these bear to the whole circle; in the genus Mustela and some others, the cartilage forms about two-thirds of the circle; in the bear, the coati, and the cats, about three-fourths; and in the ichneumon as much as four-fifths. The nervous system.— On viewing the dif- ferent orders of mammifera in the ascending series, the brain of the Carnivora (Jig. 201 being an upper and a lateral view of that of the Lion) will be found to exhibit a higher degree Fig. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned
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