Steam boiler explosions, in theory and in pactice; . parts around it. The most minute study ofevery detail, and the most careful calculation of thestrength of every part, with an allowance of an amplefactor of safety, are the essentials to safety in design. Faulty design in bracing is illustrated by an explo-sion which took place in New York City, January 15 th,*1881, by which, fortunately, however, no loss of life wascaused. A dome-head, proportioned and braced asshown in the next figure, was blown out, and tore up aside-walk under which the boiler was set, doing noother damage. The case was
Steam boiler explosions, in theory and in pactice; . parts around it. The most minute study ofevery detail, and the most careful calculation of thestrength of every part, with an allowance of an amplefactor of safety, are the essentials to safety in design. Faulty design in bracing is illustrated by an explo-sion which took place in New York City, January 15 th,*1881, by which, fortunately, however, no loss of life wascaused. A dome-head, proportioned and braced asshown in the next figure, was blown out, and tore up aside-walk under which the boiler was set, doing noother damage. The case was reported on by Mr. Rose,substantially as follows: The dome-crown, tearing around the edge, at A, alsotore across at B, being thus completely severed. Theiron at the fractures was of excellent quality. The plate 102 STEAM BOILER EXPLOSIONS. showed lamination in places, and the crack around Awas rusty and evidently not of recent formation. The six stays, three of which are shown in place at C,Fig. 13, were all in position in the dome, and their sur-. Fig. 13.—Dome and Head. faces of contact with the dome were covered by a blackpolish indicating movement and abrasion. ill mm _^ ^^^B __^=t ^^^^r^ ^—d 1 IrJfilBiS w ... ML ,l^^^^^fe; §m ^finfflrn)3 ° ° ° P imWwSb^ 31 Fig. 14.—Explosion of Dome. Apparently, as the pressure and temperature increasedand decreased the dome-head might lift and fall, bend- DEFECTIVE DESIGNS. 103 ing on A as a center. Thus taking I as a center, themovement of C would be in the direction of F, while atD the direction would be toward J, and the direction ofmotion of the two would nearly coincide. The exploded dome shows an indentation at I, due tothe motion of the foot of the stay. Another error in the design of this boiler is that thediameter of the dome shell is 34 inches, and a circle ofiron about 18 inches in diameter is punched out of the
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectsteambo, bookyear1887
