. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 421 fruit. The ability of these plants to propagate themselves by means of buds developed on the underground rhizomes may have resulted in the loss of the seed habit. A great many plants are so successful in propagating themselves by buds, bulbs, runners, etc., that they have ceased to produce seed. In the higher mem- bers of the order, as in the ginger and canna families, the flowers become very irregular through the unequal development of the leaves of the perianth or in some forms on account of the abor-. FlG. 290. Flower of
. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 421 fruit. The ability of these plants to propagate themselves by means of buds developed on the underground rhizomes may have resulted in the loss of the seed habit. A great many plants are so successful in propagating themselves by buds, bulbs, runners, etc., that they have ceased to produce seed. In the higher mem- bers of the order, as in the ginger and canna families, the flowers become very irregular through the unequal development of the leaves of the perianth or in some forms on account of the abor-. FlG. 290. Flower of Canna, the showy petal-like organs being modified stamens (staminodia) while the perianth proper, p, is reduced to green bract- like organs: /, labellum; an, anther on petal-like organ; i, stigma; 0, ovary. B, section of flower, showing ovary, 0, the modified stamen, an, and stigma, i, the other organs being removed. tion or transformation of all the stamens save one into petal-like organs termed staminodia. Usually one of the leaves of the perianth, or one or more of the staminodia, are highly modified and known as the labellum. This organ is so placed as to afford a natural landing place for the insects visiting the flower and also to necessitate crossing (Fig. 290). Observe a bee visiting the flowers of the canna and determine the significance of the position and movement of the labellum and its relation to the stamen and stigma. 135. Orchidales, the Orchid Order.—^The orchids are the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Curtis, Carlton Clarence, 1864-1945. New York, H. Holt
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