Commercial geography : a book for high schools, commercial courses, and business colleges . ack andwhite vertical stripes is a channel-marker. Temporary channelsare frequently marked by pieces of spar floating upright. Insome cases it is customary to set untrimmed tree-tops on the port,and trimmed sticks on the starboard. Light-houses are built at all exposed points of navigatedcoast-waters, and beacons are set at all necessary points within aharbor for use at night. All lights are kept burning from sunsetuntil sunrise. The color, the duration, and the intervals offlashing indicate the positio
Commercial geography : a book for high schools, commercial courses, and business colleges . ack andwhite vertical stripes is a channel-marker. Temporary channelsare frequently marked by pieces of spar floating upright. Insome cases it is customary to set untrimmed tree-tops on the port,and trimmed sticks on the starboard. Light-houses are built at all exposed points of navigatedcoast-waters, and beacons are set at all necessary points within aharbor for use at night. All lights are kept burning from sunsetuntil sunrise. The color, the duration, and the intervals offlashing indicate the position of the beacon. In revolving lightsthe beams, concentrated by powerful lenses, sweep the horizon asthe lantern about the light revolves. Flashing lights are pro-duced when the light is obscured at given intervals. Fixedlights burn with a steady flame. In some instances a sector ofcolored glass is set so as to cover a given part of a channel. Rangelights, set so that one shows directly above the other, are used aschannel-markers. The use of lights may be seen as a vessel enters New York. 50 COMMERCIAL GEOGRAPHY Lower Bay. A steamship drawing not more than eighteen feet ofwater may enter through Swash Channel {follow the course onthe chart). In this case the pilot makes for Scotland light-ship, and merely keeps New Dorp and Elmtree beacons in range,giving Dry Eomer a wide berth to starboard, until Chapel Hilland Conover beacons come into range on his port side. Thevessel is then held on a course between Coney Island and PortTompkins lights until Robbins Reef light shows ahead. For the liners that draw more than eighteen feet the task ismore difficult, inasmuch as the channel is tortuous. At SandyHook lightship a course lying nearly west takes the vessel tothe outer entrance of Gedney Channel, marked by two buoy-lights. In passing between the lights the vessel enters the chan-nel, which is also covered by the red sector of Hook beacon. Thepilot continues between the buoy-lights u
Size: 1250px × 1999px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectcommerc, bookyear1904
