. Collected reprints, Essa Institute for Oceanography. Oceanography 104 GEORGE II. KELLER AND ADRIAN F. RICHARDS. 96 9 8 100 102 104 106 Fig. 2.—General geology of the bordering land areas and station locations in the Malacca Strait. coastal lowlands. Several north-south trending mountain ranges extend from the Thailand bor- der across approximately two-thirds of the pen- insula, becoming discontinuous in the southern third. Granitic intrusives of Jurassic age crop out along the entire length of these ranges as well as in the south, where little of the high relief re- mains. A. h
. Collected reprints, Essa Institute for Oceanography. Oceanography 104 GEORGE II. KELLER AND ADRIAN F. RICHARDS. 96 9 8 100 102 104 106 Fig. 2.—General geology of the bordering land areas and station locations in the Malacca Strait. coastal lowlands. Several north-south trending mountain ranges extend from the Thailand bor- der across approximately two-thirds of the pen- insula, becoming discontinuous in the southern third. Granitic intrusives of Jurassic age crop out along the entire length of these ranges as well as in the south, where little of the high relief re- mains. A. hilly topography exists between the ranges, which consists mainly of Permo-Carbonif- erous limestones and shales and Triassic arenace- ous deposits (Van Bemmelen, 1949, p. 360). Effusive rocks of unknown composition are common throughout much of this region. Rolling hills and lowland plains of Paleozoic and Qua- ternary sediments extend out from the moun- tains toward the coast where the coastal low- lands bordering the strait have an average width of 64 km. The extensive volcanism that occurred on Sumatra in the Quaternary also re- sulted in the widely distributed ash deposits on the Malay Peninsula (United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, 1961, p. 36). The islands in the vicinity of Singapore consist mainly of sedimentary rocks and granites of Mesozoic age. To the north, Penang Island is also composed of Mesozoic granites, and Langkawi Island near the border of Thailand consists pre- dominantly of an Ordovician-Silurian calcareous sequence (Alexander, 1959). Islands along the coast of Sumatra in the narrow portion of the strait are formed of Recent sediments. Determination of the sedimentary provenance in the strait is difficult as a result of the numer- ous streams and rivers draining the complex and varied geology of the adjacent lands. Sumatra has the greatest influence on the sediments of the Malacca Strait although Malayan drainage con- tributes la
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