A text-book of physiology for medical students and physicians . d finally inman. In addition, the methodof ablation of these areas wasemployed with subsequentstudy of the animal in regardto the motor or sensory de-fects resulting therefrom, andthe results obtained werefurther extended by carefulautopsies upon human beingsin whom paralyses of variouskinds and sensory defects wereassociated with more or lessdefinite lesions of the first outcome of this workwas to lead to an extreme viewof localization of function inthe brain, in which the differ-ent motor and sensory areaswere defin
A text-book of physiology for medical students and physicians . d finally inman. In addition, the methodof ablation of these areas wasemployed with subsequentstudy of the animal in regardto the motor or sensory de-fects resulting therefrom, andthe results obtained werefurther extended by carefulautopsies upon human beingsin whom paralyses of variouskinds and sensory defects wereassociated with more or lessdefinite lesions of the first outcome of this workwas to lead to an extreme viewof localization of function inthe brain, in which the differ-ent motor and sensory areaswere definitely circumscribedand separated one from theother, making the cerebrum aplurality of organs, to useGalls term. The more recentwork has tended to modifythese extreme views of local-ization and to emphasize thefact that histologically andphysiologically the entire cere-brum is connected so inti-mately, part to part, that, although the different regions mediate * Fritsch and Hitzig, Archiv f. Anatomie und Physiologie und wissen-schaftliche Medizin, 1870, Fig. 86.—To show the motor areas in thedogs brain as originally determined byFritsch and Hitzig: s, Sigmoid gyrus; A, centerfor the neck muscles; -p, center for the ex-tensors and adductors of the forelimb; +,center for the flexors and rotation of fore-limb; #, center for the hind limb; O—O,center for the muscles innervated by thefacial. 194 PHYSIOLOGY OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. different functions, nevertheless an injury or defect in one partmay influence to some extent the functional value of all otherregions in the organ. The general idea of a localization of func-tion has been accepted, but the modern view is that the cerebrumis composed of a plurality of organs, not completely separatedone from the other, as taught by Gall, but intimately associatedand to a certain extent dependent one on another for their fullfunctional importance. The Motor Area.—The first experiments of Fritsch and Hitzigdisclosed the locati
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