. CARIBBEAN Anguilla (to UK), Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba (to Netherlands), Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands (to UK), Cayman Islands (to UK), Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French Guiana (to France), Grenada, Guadeloupe (to France), Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique (to France), Mexico, Montserrat (to UK), Netherlands Antilles (to Netherlands), Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Christopher and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos (to UK), USA, US Virgin Islands (to USA),
. CARIBBEAN Anguilla (to UK), Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba (to Netherlands), Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands (to UK), Cayman Islands (to UK), Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French Guiana (to France), Grenada, Guadeloupe (to France), Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique (to France), Mexico, Montserrat (to UK), Netherlands Antilles (to Netherlands), Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Christopher and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos (to UK), USA, US Virgin Islands (to USA), Venezuela LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS The Caribbean Region comprises the whole of two LMEs: the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and the northern part of the Northeast Brazil Shelf LME. Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico is a large, semi-enclosed water body with an area of c million km2. The Gulf receives freshwater input from rivers which drain two-thirds of the USA and half of Mexico, with a combined inflow of c 30,000 rtrVsec or around 2,600 km3 per year, most notably from the Mississippi- Missouri. Surface temperatures in the southern part of the Gulf are relatively constant, at around 27°C, with seasonal fluctuations of around 3°C. In the northern part there is much more seasonal variation, from 16°C in winter to 28°C in summer. The Gulf's main oceanographic feature is a loop current which exchanges water with the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. This current flows north into the Gulf around the western end of Cuba then loops round to flow south and eastward through the Florida Straits between southern Florida and the northern coast of Cuba. Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea covers an area of some million km2. It has an average depth of some 2,000 m. Most of the region is tropical, so that surface temperatures are constant at around 27°C, with seasonal fluctuations of around 3°C. Salinity is relatively high from January to May, but lower at other times owing
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