. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. Turnip. 5rassicc, sp. Cruciferce. Figs. 778,784,785. Turnips are grown for their thickened roots, which are formed during the first year of growth and are used as food for stock. The name "turnip" is here used in its widest sense and embraces the common turnip {Bras.^ica Rapa, var. depressa, DC), the rutabaga, a Swedish turnip {Brassica Campestris,. % J^^^ FiR. 785. S
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. Turnip. 5rassicc, sp. Cruciferce. Figs. 778,784,785. Turnips are grown for their thickened roots, which are formed during the first year of growth and are used as food for stock. The name "turnip" is here used in its widest sense and embraces the common turnip {Bras.^ica Rapa, var. depressa, DC), the rutabaga, a Swedish turnip {Brassica Campestris,. % J^^^ FiR. 785. Single and multiple crowns on turnips. var. rutabaga, DC), and the hybrid-turnip {Bras sica Rapa, var. hybrida, Fraser), all of which be long to the same family as the cabbage. Like the mangel they consist of a thickened hypocotyl and primary root, the relative proportions of which vary in different varieties and necks. Beginning at left, long, medium, short, absent (rigiit.) History. According to De Candolle, the common turnip (Brassica Rapa) and the rutabaga (Brassica Cam- pestris, var. rutabaga) are native of temperate Europe. They were disseminated in Europe previous to, and in Asia after the Aryan invasion. Turnips were introduced from Spain to Mexico as early as 1586, and in 1610 Strachey reported that the Jamestown, Va., colony grew them as well or bet- ter than they were grown in England. Mason reported that they grew well in Newfoundland in 1617, and they were grown in New England as early as 1628. With the introduction of the Nor- folk four-course rotation of turnips, barley, clover, wheat, into English agriculture in the middle of the eighteenth century, turnips began to be commonly grown for stock-feeding in England, althougk this practice had then been in vogue in parts of Europe for some time. Thus far Americans have not been much interested in these crops except to a small extent for garden purposes. A large number of the varieties grown are of European, chiefly B
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