The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . slaves who escapedinto the lines of the Union Lincoln finally decidedthat the emancipation of theslaves in the seceded TheEmanci-states would be a war pation Proc-measure of great prac- ^^^^^^°^tical utility. Therefore (Septem-ber 22, 1862) he proclaimed thatafter January 1, 1863, All per-sons held as slaves in any stateor designated part of a state, thepeople whereof shall be in rebellionagainst the United States, shall bethen, thenceforth, and foreverfree. The seceded states did notreturn to the Union, and
The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . slaves who escapedinto the lines of the Union Lincoln finally decidedthat the emancipation of theslaves in the seceded TheEmanci-states would be a war pation Proc-measure of great prac- ^^^^^^°^tical utility. Therefore (Septem-ber 22, 1862) he proclaimed thatafter January 1, 1863, All per-sons held as slaves in any stateor designated part of a state, thepeople whereof shall be in rebellionagainst the United States, shall bethen, thenceforth, and foreverfree. The seceded states did notreturn to the Union, and so, at thedesignated time, the slaves wereemancipated; but the proclama-tion actually freed only those slaves who could escape to tlieFederal lines. The emancipation was declared to be warrantedby the Constitution as a military necessity. The proclamation of President Lincoln did not apply to the slave states of Delaware, IMaryland, Kentucky, and abolished ° ^lissouri, as these states had not seceded; it did not apply to the western part of Virginia nor to such. General Robert E. Lee. THE CIVIL WAR 323 parts of the Soi;thern states as were within the Union , it did not abolish slavery at all. The abolition ofslavery throughout the country could be accomplished only byan amendment to the Constitution of the United States. TheThirteenth Amendment abolishing slavery in the United Stateswas finally submitted to the states by the Congress early in the year it was ratified by twenty-seven states, the neces-sary three fourths of the entire number. Ui3 to this time Great Britain, although acknowledging theConfederate States as a belligerent power, had not recognizedtheir independence. The British ministry, however, ^j^^ attitudewas nearly ready to do so. The emancipation of the of Greatslaves turned the sympathy of the great mass of the ^^^^^^English people in favor of the North, and so the independenceof the Confederacy was not recognized. Lee again inv
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