. The Canadian field-naturalist. 80 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 105. Figure 2. Antler Moth adults captured in black light traps operated at Mt. Pearl, Newfoundland, during the period 1967 to 1987. (All light traps contained on 15-watt tube, except the Mt. Pearl light which had a 6-watt black light trap 1967-1978). Kilbride and Goulds, black light fluorescent increase in the number of moths captured during the period 1967-1977, followed by a collapse in 1978 and fluctuations each year thereafter up to and including 1987 (Figure 2). During the study period, 1967-1987, the flight period ex
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 80 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 105. Figure 2. Antler Moth adults captured in black light traps operated at Mt. Pearl, Newfoundland, during the period 1967 to 1987. (All light traps contained on 15-watt tube, except the Mt. Pearl light which had a 6-watt black light trap 1967-1978). Kilbride and Goulds, black light fluorescent increase in the number of moths captured during the period 1967-1977, followed by a collapse in 1978 and fluctuations each year thereafter up to and including 1987 (Figure 2). During the study period, 1967-1987, the flight period extended from 10 July to 24 September with a peak period of flight from the third week of July to the third week of August. Morris (1979) reported the sex ratio of moths taken in a light trap at Mt. Pearl, 1620 August 1976, was 63% males and 37% females. This build-up of the Antler Moth in Newfound- land, its subsequent decline and fluctuating population thereafter is similar to its reported behaviour in the British Isles and Europe. Maercks (1942) reported outbreaks of the Antler Moth were favoured by cool winters and cool summers. Schenkei (1950) associated population increase with climatic conditions; early winters, rich in snow, followed by a dry April, a cool May. and abundant grass provided ideal conditions. I ntwistle and Rivers (l(>7i) stated that in Great Britain overgrazing on acid moorlands caused fluctuations in Antlei Moth populations. Natural Enemies as Controls Moms (1979) reported this newlj introduced pesl species was unusually free from natuial ties as no parasites were obtained from several hundred full grown, field-collected larvae, individually reared in large glass vials. Entwistle and Rivers (1973) reported a similar situation in the British Isles and stated that known natural enemies were few. The larvae are exceedingly difficult to rear to adult stage. In a 1983 rearing experiment with 122 field collected larvae, the incidence of mortality was 78%. A n
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