. Animal parasites and human disease. Medical parasitology; Insects as carriers of disease. 466 OTHER BLOOD-SUCKING FLIES a dependable clue to the early life of the insect. Adult flies are usually not long lived, and often live only a few days, just long enough to copulate and lay their eggs. Some species, however, , mosquitoes, may live for several months. The order Diptera, as already indicated, is divided into two great suborders, the Orthor- rhapha and the Cyclorrhapha. The first order includes those species which have a well de- veloped larva with a distinct head, and an ob- tected ty
. Animal parasites and human disease. Medical parasitology; Insects as carriers of disease. 466 OTHER BLOOD-SUCKING FLIES a dependable clue to the early life of the insect. Adult flies are usually not long lived, and often live only a few days, just long enough to copulate and lay their eggs. Some species, however, , mosquitoes, may live for several months. The order Diptera, as already indicated, is divided into two great suborders, the Orthor- rhapha and the Cyclorrhapha. The first order includes those species which have a well de- veloped larva with a distinct head, and an ob- tected type of pupa. The second includes the flies which have headless maggot-like larvje and a coarctate type of pupa. In nearly all of these the antennse are of the type shown in Fig. 211D and E. These suborders are further divided into „ „,, „ sections or suborders and then into families, but Fig. 211. Types ' of antennae of Dip- for our purposes it is Unnecessary to follow out female"^' B° Wack- ^^^^ classification. It will suffice to take up, fly: C, gadfly (tab- family by family, those forms which are impor- anid);i), tsetse fly; ^^^^ ^ blood-sucking parasites of man. The E, stable-fly. , '^ '^ mosquitoes are of such very great importance that they deserve separate consideration and have been discussed in a chapter by themselves (Chap. XXV). Phlebotomus Flies General Description. — Phlebotomus flies, otherwise known as " sandflies " or " owl-midges," are minute mothlike midges which are found in nearly all warm and tropical climates of the world, with the exception of Australia and the East Indies. In Australia (Queensland) they are represented by an allied fly of the same family, Pericoma townsvillensis, which is said to be a very severe biter, producing swellings which may last three weeks. They belong to the family Psychodidse, which includes a large number of species of flies found all over the world, nearly all of which resemble tiny moths on
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