. Wilderness users in the Pacific Northwest: their characteristics, values, and management preferences. Wilderness areas Northwest, Pacific; Wilderness areas Northwest Pacific Visitors. should be protected by artificial restoration of adequate vegetation, but the more wilder- nist respondents tended to oppose such a practice. About 35 percent of the respondents regarded second-growth timber as inferior to virgin forest in recreational value. Strong wil- dernists were especially likely to hold this view. But, about half of the respondents rejected the idea that second-growth timber must always
. Wilderness users in the Pacific Northwest: their characteristics, values, and management preferences. Wilderness areas Northwest, Pacific; Wilderness areas Northwest Pacific Visitors. should be protected by artificial restoration of adequate vegetation, but the more wilder- nist respondents tended to oppose such a practice. About 35 percent of the respondents regarded second-growth timber as inferior to virgin forest in recreational value. Strong wil- dernists were especially likely to hold this view. But, about half of the respondents rejected the idea that second-growth timber must always be assumed inferior for recrea- tion purposes. About seven out of 10 persons opposed livestock grazing as a revenue-producing use, and this opposition was accentuated among the more wildernist users. Opinion was split regarding hunting, with 45 percent opposing such activity in wilderness-type areas, and 40 percent approving. These findings clearly lend support to the contention of Dean Stephen H. Spurr (1966) that there is a difference between "ecological wilderness" and "sociological ; For some people, even appreciable human interference with the natural ecological proc- esses in an area does not remove the area from what they conceive to be "; But, according to our data, the socially acquired conception of wilderness that is held by the wilderness-purist comes closer to being equiv- alent to ecological wilderness than does the conception held by others. Even the purist, however, appears likely to tolerate or even desire some management of some ecological processes. Spurr expresses the notion that the aim of wilderness management techniques always should be to avoid the introduction of obvious man-created incongruities into the wil- derness landscape. The biologically trained manager appears far more likely to detect such incongruities in the landscape than most wilderness 2 This perceptiveness should be used to guar
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