. The structure and classification of birds . eptions to this aregiven, which range from the typicalcondition observable in Sterna to anexcavated extremity, such as charac-terises Becurvirostra. In Chionis thevomer ends in the typical manner, a point; but it is exceedingly broadbefore its termination, and thereforequite unusual. In Thinocorus and Attdgis thevomer is short and broad, and almostpasserine in form. The maxillo-palatines are, as arule, thin and scroll-like plates, whichare bent downwards and often defi-cient in ossification, leaving holes hereand there. The palatines have as
. The structure and classification of birds . eptions to this aregiven, which range from the typicalcondition observable in Sterna to anexcavated extremity, such as charac-terises Becurvirostra. In Chionis thevomer ends in the typical manner, a point; but it is exceedingly broadbefore its termination, and thereforequite unusual. In Thinocorus and Attdgis thevomer is short and broad, and almostpasserine in form. The maxillo-palatines are, as arule, thin and scroll-like plates, whichare bent downwards and often defi-cient in ossification, leaving holes hereand there. The palatines have aspout-like process, extending upwardstowards the base of the skull, whichis especially well marked in (Edicne-mus. The Limicolae are nearly all ofthem schizorhinal, the delicate bar ofthe premaxilla being inserted at adifferent plane from the attachmentof the nasals to the frontals. In theCharadriidae proper there are a pair oflargish occipital vacuities, one on either side of the foramenmagnum. These same birds have basi-occinital Fio. 168. -Undee View opSkull of Charadrius pluvi-alis (afteb Huxley). Pinx, premaxilla ; Vo. vomer ; Mx,maxilla; PI, palatine; R. ros-trum ; JVa, nasal; Ma;p, maxillo-palatines ; * ectetbmoid. Shufeldt ( Contributions to the Comparative Osteology of Arctic andSubarctic Water Birds, J. Anat. Phys. 1889 and 1890) figures a few skulls ofLimicolffi. See also the same, On Aphriza virgata, Juurn. Morph. ii. p. also Osteology of Numenms, &o., Journ. Anat. Phys. 1885, p. 51 ; Observations on the Osteology of Podasooys montamis, ibid. 1884, p. 86. 339 which vary somewhat in the degree of their development. Thelacrymal bone articulates with the ectethmoid, and makes acomplete arch of bone in the anterior region of the orbit. Thebones are particularly slender in Himantopus, leaving, there-fore, a large vacuity. In one or two types the foramen of thearch is almost obliterated by the thickness of the upper margin of th
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1898
