A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . a,all of which were in Nuremberg in the artists lifetime. History of All ^ations, Vol. VIII., page SH. CHARLEMAGNE AS MAN. 89 restrictions about his iood, and wished to give him medicine. Bymeans of riding and hunting (cf. Fig. 13) he retained unusual bodilyvigor until old age. Bathing and swimming also helped to keep himin health. Later, he was especially fond of trying to recover strengthat the hot springs of Aix-la-Chapelle. In his manner of life, table,and clothing he insisted upon extreme simplicity.


A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . a,all of which were in Nuremberg in the artists lifetime. History of All ^ations, Vol. VIII., page SH. CHARLEMAGNE AS MAN. 89 restrictions about his iood, and wished to give him medicine. Bymeans of riding and hunting (cf. Fig. 13) he retained unusual bodilyvigor until old age. Bathing and swimming also helped to keep himin health. Later, he was especially fond of trying to recover strengthat the hot springs of Aix-la-Chapelle. In his manner of life, table,and clothing he insisted upon extreme simplicity. He usually worethe dress peculiar to the Frankish people, and put on richer garmentsonly on great festivals. Only twice — in Rome itself — could he beinduced to use the costly Roman attire. Aversion to useless show,and to everything foreign, was natural to him ; and even as the rulerof a vast empire, which comhined the proudest recollections of tlieRoman impeiial power with the theocratic idea of a universal church,he remained externally, as well as in his inmost being, a genuine. Fig. 1:5. — Ivory Horn (Olifant) of Charlemagne. In the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle. Frank, a Teuton through and through. With this fact correspondsthe moderate degree of education which he acquired; even in Latinhe progressed only far enough to be able to understand tlie prayerswhich he used in his devotions. He did not know how to he was already an old man, he had wax tablets and a stylusplaced under his pillow, so that in sleepless moments he mightpractise imitating the letters of the alphabet, —a fact which showsimpressively how much the German race, Avhich had conquered theworld, stood in need of education. Charlemagne, like all con-scientious rulers, was economical of his time, and devoted himselfwith tireless energy to the service of the public weal. Even in themorning, while dressing, lie not only received personages who were onintimate terms with him, but alloAved parties


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