Fishes . s save thelast are now known to occur in the waters of Kamchatka, aswell as in those of Alaska and Oregon. These species, in alltheir varied conditions, may usually be distinguished by the Salmonids 293 characters given below. Other differences of form, color, andappearance are absolutely valueless for distinction, unless speci-mens of the same age, sex, and condition are compared. The quinnat salmon {Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) * calledquinnat, tyee, chinook, or king-salmon, has an average weightof 22 pounds, but individuals weighing 70 to 100 pounds areoccasionally taken. It has abou
Fishes . s save thelast are now known to occur in the waters of Kamchatka, aswell as in those of Alaska and Oregon. These species, in alltheir varied conditions, may usually be distinguished by the Salmonids 293 characters given below. Other differences of form, color, andappearance are absolutely valueless for distinction, unless speci-mens of the same age, sex, and condition are compared. The quinnat salmon {Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) * calledquinnat, tyee, chinook, or king-salmon, has an average weightof 22 pounds, but individuals weighing 70 to 100 pounds areoccasionally taken. It has about 16 anal rays, 15 to 19 branchi-ostegals, 23 (9 + 14) gill-rakers on the anterior gill-arch, and140 to 185 pyloric coeca. The scales are comparatively large,there being from 130 to 155 in a longitudinal series. In thespring the body is silvery, the back, dorsal fin, and caudal finhaving more or less of roiind black spots, and the sides of thehead having a peculiar tin-colored metallic luster. In the fall. Fig. 222!.—Quinnat Salmon (female), Oncorhynchus tschawytscha (Walbaimi). Columbia River. the color is often black or dirty red, and the species can thenbe distinguished from the dog-salmon by its larger size and byits technical characters. The flesh is rich and salmon-red,becoming suddenly pale as the spawning season draws near. The blue-back salmon {Oncorhynchus ncrka),\ also calledred salmon, sukkegh, or sockeye, usually weighs from 5 to 8pounds. It has about 14 developed anal rays, 14 branchioste- * For valuable accounts of the habits of this species the reader is referredto papers by the late Cloudsley Rutter, ichthyologist of the Albatross,in the publications of the United States Fish Commission, the PopularScience Monthly, and the Overland Monthly. t For valuable records of the natural history of this species the readeris referred to various papers by Dr. Barton Warren Evermann in the Bulletinsof the United States Fish Commission and elsewhere. 294 SalmonidiE gals, a
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