. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds . pe is straight, when rictus and tomia are bothstraight and lie in the same line ; curved, sinuate, when they lie in the sam6 curved or waved 106 GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY. liue; angulate
. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds . pe is straight, when rictus and tomia are bothstraight and lie in the same line ; curved, sinuate, when they lie in the sam6 curved or waved 106 GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY. liue; angulated, when they are straight, or uearly so, but do not lie in the same line, andtherefore meet at an angle. (An important distinction. See under family Fritigillidce in the Synopsis.) II. THE WINGS. Definitiou. — Pair of anterior ov pectoral Mmbs organized for flight by means of dermaloutgrowths. Used for this pui-pose by birds in general; but by ostriclies and their allies only as outriggers to aid running;by i^enguins as fins for swim-ming under water; used alsoin the latter capacity by somebirds that fly well, as divers,cormorants, dippers. Want-ing in no recent birds, butimperfect in a few, as allRatiice ; greatly reduced inthe Emeu, Cassowary, andApteryx; also in the Moas(Dinornis); in the Creta-ceous Hesperornis only therudimentary humerus isknowm. To understandtheir structure we mustnotice particularly. jB ^ Fig. 27. —Bones of right wing of a duck, Clangula islandica, from above,I nat. size. (Dr R. W. Sliufeldt, ) A, shoulder, omos; B, elbow, ancon;C, wrist, carjnis ; D, end of principal tinger; E, end of hand proper, B. upper arm, hrachium; BC, fore-arm, antilrrachium; CD, whole handiir pinion, manus; composed of CE, hand proper or metacarpus, excepting d^;EIJ, or d- d 3, d *, Angers, digits, digiti. h, humerus; rd, radius; ul, ulna; sc,outer carpal, scaphohmare or radiale; cu, inner carpal, cuneiforme or ulnare;these two composing wrist or carpus, m
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirdsnorthamerica
