. A treatise on the nervous diseases of children : for physicians and students. Fig. 134.—Lichtheinis Diagram to IllustrateAphasia. (See text.) ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN. 475 impulses may travel, but this connection is not as direct as when the pathAM is passable. wSpeech is made more complex by the introduction of the art of reading-and of writing. In both of these the visual memories of letters and of com-binations of letters constitute the most important feature. As the child learnsthe alphabet the visual image of each letter is deposited in the occipital por-tion of the hemispher
. A treatise on the nervous diseases of children : for physicians and students. Fig. 134.—Lichtheinis Diagram to IllustrateAphasia. (See text.) ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN. 475 impulses may travel, but this connection is not as direct as when the pathAM is passable. wSpeech is made more complex by the introduction of the art of reading-and of writing. In both of these the visual memories of letters and of com-binations of letters constitute the most important feature. As the child learnsthe alphabet the visual image of each letter is deposited in the occipital por-tion of the hemispheres V (Fig. 135); by the recognition of and the power tocall up these distinct visual memories of letters the child is able to recognize. Fig. 135.—Diagram to represent the Speech Centres and the Association Tracts con-necting them. (See text.) The arrows indicate the direction in which impulsestravel. The association fibres between several of the centres conduct both ways. them rapidly, and to put them together in definite combinations which go toform words. Later on these combinations, from frequent repetition, are sofirmly engrafted upon the mind that the child no longer resolves these groupsof memories into their component parts. Referring to the diagram, we mustsuppose that through the visual tract the impression is carried to the visualcentre in the hemispheres. This visual centre evidently has a very close con-nection with the auditory area, for with the sight of a letter its sound is inti-mately associated, and in calling up the memories of letters, or groups of letters,an auditory sensation is invariably associated with them. We must, therefore,suppose that in reading, an intimate association is formed betwee
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