. The book of butter : a text on the nature, manufacture and marketing of the product . Butter. CREAM SEPARATION 53. Fig. 13. — The shallow-pan method of cream separation. contains whole milk. In ordinary phraseology, therefore, cream " ; 40. Gravity methods. — There are three methods of cream separation, depending on the force of gravity. They are the shallow-pan method, the deep-setting method, and the water- dilution method. In the first, the cream is skimmed off with a shallow dipper, and in the other two methods the skimmed-milk is drawn off, leaving the cream. These gravi
. The book of butter : a text on the nature, manufacture and marketing of the product . Butter. CREAM SEPARATION 53. Fig. 13. — The shallow-pan method of cream separation. contains whole milk. In ordinary phraseology, therefore, cream " ; 40. Gravity methods. — There are three methods of cream separation, depending on the force of gravity. They are the shallow-pan method, the deep-setting method, and the water- dilution method. In the first, the cream is skimmed off with a shallow dipper, and in the other two methods the skimmed-milk is drawn off, leaving the cream. These gravity methods, however, have distinct disadvantages, one of the most important being the loss of a small amount of milk-fat each time they are used. Tests of the relative merits of the gravity methods of separation have been made in order to de- termine how great is this loss. (See Figs. 13 to 15.) 41. Efficiency of different methods of separation. — Accord- ing to experiments made by Hun- ziker,^ the percentage of milk-fat in the skimmed-milk separated from cream by these gravity methods of cream separation is as follows: water-dilution method, .68 of 1 per cent of fat; shallow-pan method, .44 of 1 per cent of fat; deep-setting method, .17 of 1 per cent of fat. ' Hunziker, O. F., The Hand Separator and the Gravity Systems of Creaming, Purdue Univ. Agri. Exp. Sta., Bui. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Guthrie, Edward Sewall, 1880-1964. New York : Macmillan
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