. Railway track and track work . e size of rail. These machines weigh from 200 to300 lbs. A vertical hydraulic punch for punching bond holes in rail flangesweighs about 90 lbs. Screw punches are sometimes used, those for heavywork requiring 2 or 3 men. A punch of this kind operated by 3 men, and weigh- TRACK TOOLS AND SUPPLIES. 257 ing 80 lbs., has been used by the Buffalo Street Ry. for punching lf-in. holesin girder rails. Rail Saws.—Rails may be cut by means of a cold chisel and hammer, or byportable saws clamped to the rail. The latter do better and quicker work,cutting a heavy rail in fro
. Railway track and track work . e size of rail. These machines weigh from 200 to300 lbs. A vertical hydraulic punch for punching bond holes in rail flangesweighs about 90 lbs. Screw punches are sometimes used, those for heavywork requiring 2 or 3 men. A punch of this kind operated by 3 men, and weigh- TRACK TOOLS AND SUPPLIES. 257 ing 80 lbs., has been used by the Buffalo Street Ry. for punching lf-in. holesin girder rails. Rail Saws.—Rails may be cut by means of a cold chisel and hammer, or byportable saws clamped to the rail. The latter do better and quicker work,cutting a heavy rail in from three to ten minutes. Some machines have cir-cular saws operated by hand cranks and gearing, the saws being 14 to 20 They weigh 150 lbs. to 300 lbs. One is shown in Fig. 186. Anothermachine has a frame about 3 ft. high, with a reciprocating saw blade workedby two levers like a ditch pump or hand car. Its weight is about 120 lbs. Agood thin oil, such as lard oil, is recommended for lubricating the circular saws,. Fig. 186.—Portable Rail Saw. and soapsuds for the reciprocating saw. With these machines very clean cutsare made and very thin pieces can be cut when necessary. Their use isparticularly advisable on first-class track, for heavy rails, and in fitting upfrogs and switches. Hand Cars.—These are for carrying the sectionmen to and from work. Mostroads forbid their use for carrying rails, except in case of emergency. Thecars should be as light as possible, consistent with strength and durability, mayhave wooden wheel centers, or pressed-steel wheels, and should invariably befitted with a strong brake gear, generally operated by a treadle. Steel wheelsare best for durability. These may be insulated, but wooden centers are gener-ally required on lines where a track circuit is used, to prevent the cars fromoperating signals in the same way as a train. The cars will ride more easilyif one of the wheels (not on the driving axle) runs loose on the axle. The 25
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