. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. nprincipally to the Crusades, namely,the institution of religious military orders In nothing does chivalry showitself more worthy of admirationthan in its religious military aspect; in that phase it accepted the sacrificeof all the affections, it abandoned the renown of the soldier and therepose of the cloister, and it exposed its votary to the hardships of both,by devoting him in turn to the perils of the battle-field, and to thelabours attendant upon the succouring of the distressed. Other knightscourted a


. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. nprincipally to the Crusades, namely,the institution of religious military orders In nothing does chivalry showitself more worthy of admirationthan in its religious military aspect; in that phase it accepted the sacrificeof all the affections, it abandoned the renown of the soldier and therepose of the cloister, and it exposed its votary to the hardships of both,by devoting him in turn to the perils of the battle-field, and to thelabours attendant upon the succouring of the distressed. Other knightscourted adventure for the sake of their honour and the lady of their love ;these incurred it in order to help the unfortunate and to assist the poor. TheGrand Master of the Knights Hospitallers was proud of the title ofGuardian of the Redeemers poor; he of the order of St. Lazarus was ofnecessity always a leper; while the knight-companions termed the poorour masters. Such were the admirable effects of religion, which, at aperiod when the sword decided every question, knew how to chasten the. MILITARY ORDERS. failings of valour, and make it forget the pride that generally accom-panies it. As early as the middle of the eleventh century some merchants of Amainhad obtained from the Caliph of Egypt permission to build a hospital atJerusalem, which they dedicated to St. John, and in which were receivedand sheltered the poor pilgrims who visited the Holy Land. Godefroy deBouillon and his successors encouraged this charitable institution, andbestowed upon it several large donations. Pierre Gerard, a native of the


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Keywords: ., booksubjectcostume, booksubjectmiddleages, booksubjectmilitaryar