. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . food,ui which must follow in swift evo- lutions, like the swallows, butin gloom, the volatile insectsthat people the summer air atdawn or dusk. § 214. Organ of taste.—Thetongue attains in mammals itsfull development as an organof taste; and, as respects theextent and organisation of thegustative surface, in the highestdegree in Man, fig. 141. Thechief distinction of this from atactile surface is that the sensi-tive papilla? are on processesrising above the epithelial level,said processes being com-monly called papilla?. As wedescend in th
. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . food,ui which must follow in swift evo- lutions, like the swallows, butin gloom, the volatile insectsthat people the summer air atdawn or dusk. § 214. Organ of taste.—Thetongue attains in mammals itsfull development as an organof taste; and, as respects theextent and organisation of thegustative surface, in the highestdegree in Man, fig. 141. Thechief distinction of this from atactile surface is that the sensi-tive papilla? are on processesrising above the epithelial level,said processes being com-monly called papilla?. As wedescend in the mammalian seriesthe mechanical offices of thetongue predominate over thesensitive ones. In the Giraffe,Pangolins, Anteaters, and Human tongue, gustative surface, ordorsum. Echidna, its niOSt obvioUS office is that of prehension ; and in theOrnithorhynchus it supports teeth, horny like those of the jaws,andit has mechanical modifications in relation to the cheek all Mammals the dorsum of the tongue is more or less papil- 1 lxxix. p. ORGAN OF TASTE IN MAMMALIA. 191 lose, and in most the papillae offer the three conditions called£ conical, fig. 150, fungiform, fig. 149, and efossnlate, fig. 148,/. The tongue is well developed and freely movable in allMarsupials, and the epithelium covering the conical papillae israrely condensed into spines. In the carnivorous species, as theDasyuri, the conical papillae are minute and soft, but directedbackward, so as to give a slight roughness to the tongue whenstroked in the opposite direction : under a lens they appear likefine shagreen. Near the base of the tongue in Dasyurus viver-rinus there are three fossulate papillae, in triangle, with the apextoward the epiglottis. A small fibrous or sclerous rudiment of the glosso-hyal, called (worm, or lytta, lies lengthwise beneath thetip of the tongue. In the Perameles, besides the minute and gene-rally diffused simple papillae, there are fungiform ones, of largersize, placed a
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